小说之虚与互文之实——关于解读《香菱学诗》的几点异议

The Virtuality of Novel and The Reality of Intertextuality:Some objections to the interpretation of Xiangling Learning Poetry

《香菱学诗》截取自《红楼梦》第四十八回,从进入中学语文教材后获得了前所未有的关注,但也使得香菱学诗的复杂意义日趋同质化。论文将香菱、黛玉等小说中虚构的人物,对中国古代真实存在过的诗人如王维、李白、陆游等人诗文的评价,看作小说文本与其他经典文本,小说文本与社会历史之间的相互联系的关系与动态过程,认为虽然像林黛玉这样的小说人物是虚构的,但是她对艺术的品鉴力却是真实的,从虚构的小说人物口里说出的对诗艺的创作与品鉴,值得我们思考、讨论,以期伸展对于小说的语文教学可能,将更多的问题探讨带入课堂讨论,以及课前课后的思考,也期待以此对《红楼梦》的研究有所补阙。

Being a section from the 48th chapter of The Dream of the Red Chamber,Xiangling Learning Poetry has gained unprecedented attention since included by the Chinese textbook of middle school,which makes the complex meaning of this text more and more homogeneous.The present paper considers the evaluation of the poems of ancient Chinese poets,such as Wang Wei,Li Bai and Lu You,from the fictional characters of Xiangling and Daiyu,the interrelation and transformation between the text and other texts,its own identity,significance,subject,social history.It is claimed that the appreciation of art of the fictional characters is consistent with the real world.At the same time,some objections are put forward in order to observe and explore Xiangling Learning Poetry from the perspective of pure literature out of the scope of Chinese teaching,and make up for the research of The Dream of the Red Chamber.