英国本科生导师制的类型、特征与启示

The Types,Characteristics and Enlightenment of Undergraduate Tutorial System in the UK

源于牛津大学的本科生导师制被学者誉为“牛津皇冠上的宝石”,是英国大学本科教育的核心和基础,也是其卓越教学质量得以保障的关键因素。随着高等教育制度的变迁,英国本科生导师制逐步演进为两种类型,即牧师式导师制和职业式导师制。两种类型的导师制在制度管理、教育理念、师生关系等方面各具特色又殊途同归,对我国通过实施制度化的本科生导师制提升人才培养质量具有重要的借鉴意义。

The undergraduate tutorial system that originates from Oxford University is known as"the gemstones on the Oxford Crown",which is the core and foundation of undergraduate education in the UK,as well as a key factor that guarantees its excellent teaching quality.With the change in higher education system,the UK undergraduate tutorial system has gradually evolved into two types:pastoral tutorial system and professional tutorial system.The two types have respective features but shared objectives in institutional management,educational philosophy,teacher-student relationship,etc.It provides an important reference to improve education quality by implementing undergraduate tutorial system in China.