基于“Choking”实验范式的“自我批判”中介效应验证

Intermediary Effect Validation of Self-criticism Based on the Choking Experimental Paradigm

“自我批判”指个体为了保护自尊而朝向规避负面可能性结果的心理倾向,反映了个体高标准的“自我关注”。运用飞镖任务的“Choking”实验范式,把“自我批判”作为内源性中介变量,观察其在压力下运动表现的作用解释机制。对50名大学生运动员进行“自我批判”的人格测试,并分别在无压力和压力条件下完成飞镖投掷任务的测试,所得数据通过SPSS 24.0和Process 3.0进行统计分析。研究发现,“自我批判”倾向的被试在压力条件下表现了“自我关注”的认知压力(β=0.50,P<0.001);同时,其“Choking”表现也随之增加(β=0.35,P<0.01)。因此,“自我批判”作为“Choking”的内源性诱因,具有部分的中介作用机制解释,其解释变异的效应占25%。

Self-criticism,infers as that individuals try to avoid negative outcomes in order to protect self-esteem,which reflecting the psychological disposition of high personal standard toward the self.Using Choking experimental paradigm with dart throwing,this study is to observe self-criticism as an endogenous mediated variable in explaining mechanism of sports performance under pressure.Fifty college athletes completed the personality test of self-criticism,and then they finished the task of dart throwing under the non-pressure and pressure conditions separately,the statistical analysis of obtained data with the SPSS 24.0 and Process 3.0 shows that participants with higher levels in self-criticism experienced higher cognitive pressure toward the self(β=0.50,P<0.001),and higher possibility of Choking as well(β=0.35,P<0.01).Conclusion from this study shows that self-criticism,as an endogenous incentive of Choking,has a partial mediate effect on performance under pressure,which explaining 25%variance.