网球膝关节损伤特征及生物力学建模综述研究

Summary of Injury Characteristics and Biomechanical Modeling of Tennis Knee Joint

在网球运动中,膝关节损伤较为普遍,且发病机制复杂。通过探讨造成膝关节损伤的机理和规律,可为损伤的预防、治疗、康复提供帮助。研究发现,不同研究尚未得出一致的网球膝关节损伤发病率与患病率,但其损伤率较高。网球膝关节损伤在不同性别、年龄段中均较为普遍。损伤与运动等级之间的关系尚不明确。网球膝关节损伤以慢性损伤居多,损伤程度尚不明确。膝关节处常见的损伤包括肌腱炎、半月板损伤、滑囊炎等,但每一种损伤的发病率仍不明确。有关建立运动技术肌肉动力学模型的研究已有报道,但鲜见建立网球技术肌肉动力学模型的相关报道。有限元模型已在医学领域广泛应用,但鲜见其应用于研究网球损伤。研究认为,流行病学研究中需要建立一个统一的损伤记录系统,为提供全面且准确的损伤信息奠定基础。建立生物力学模型研究网球膝关节损伤有助于探寻损伤的力学机制,这类模型的发展趋势是有限元模型耦合动力学模型。此类模型的建立将为网球运动的损伤研究、防治、康复提供帮助。

Knee joint injury is common in tennis with complex mechanisms of pathogenesis.Through exploring the mechanisms and patterns of tennis-related knee joint injuries,this paper aims to provide theoretical guidance for the treatment,prevention and rehabilitation of such injuries.The reported numbers of incidence or prevalence of tennis-related knee joint injuries are different in different studies,but some showed the occurrence rate is high.Tennis-related knee joint injuries are common across different genders and different age groups with the majority of which being chronic injuries.The relationship between injuries and sport intensity is unclear,so as the degree of injuries.Common injuries include tendinitis,meniscus injury,bursitis,etc.,but the incidence of each type of injury remains unclear.Muscle dynamics model already exists in sports technology,but there is few report on the establishment of muscle dynamics model for tennis.Finite element model is widely used in the medical field,but it is rarely been used in tennis injury research.In epidemiological research,it is necessary to establish a unified injury tracking system to provide comprehensive and accurate injury information.Establishing a biomechanical model to study tennis knee injury may be helpful to explore the pathogenesis of injury.The trend for this type of model development would be the coupling between finite element model and muscle dynamic model.The establishment of such a model will be helpful for tennis-related sport injury research,prevention,treatment and rehabilitation.