适宜空间日趋缩小下的森林服务功能变化

Multifunctionality of Forest in the Changing World

本文是中德“森林多功能性”研讨会的成果之一。在研讨了森林与人类相互关系的基础上,来自德国和中国林业和木材领域的20名科学家和“利益相关者”阐述了森林多功能性的内涵:(1)森林多功能性是现代森林经营的要求;(2)森林的整体功能优先;(3)森林生物多样性的维持;(4)可持续经营与生态文明的融合;(5)经济学与生态学知识的结合;(6)通过培训提高经营者素质;(7)林业必须在生态、经济和文化三个方面找到平衡点;(8)应对气候的变化;(9)面对未来的需求和挑战;(10)实现多功能是一个过程。结论认为“多功能”和“可持续性”实际上是一枚硬币的两个面。

The paper is derived from the Sino-German Workshop on Multifunctionality of Forest,first published in German.Based on the understanding of interrelationships between forest and human beings,the connotations assoicated with multifunctinality of forest were elaborated:i)the multifunctionality is demanded by modern forest managment;ii)the priority is the holistic function of forest;iii)the function to maintain biodiversity of forest;iv)merging sustainality and ecocivilization;v)combining the economy and ecology;vi)training qualified foresters;vii)ballancing ecology,economy and culture;viii)responsing to climate change;ix)facing future demand and challenges;x)a process to be realized for a long time.It is concluded that multifunctionality is another side of coin for sustainability of forest.