2011-2019年阿坝州布鲁杆菌病监测结果分析

The Surveillance Result of Brucellosis in Aba Prefecture of Sichuan 2011 to 2019

目的掌握四川省阿坝州布鲁杆菌病(布病)疫情动态,为牧区科学防治布病提供依据。方法 2011-2019年阿坝州人间布病固定监测点设在若尔盖,临时监测点设在理县和茂县,动物间布病监测2011-2012年在红原、阿坝、壤塘、松潘、马尔康、若尔盖和金川7县,2013-2016年在全州流行病学调查及血清学方法检测相关动物及与动物接触的人群。对检测样本用虎红平板试(PAT)验进行初筛,试管凝集试验确认诊断。血清试管凝集试验(SAT)滴度为1∶100(++)及以上判定为阳性。结果采用SPSS 17.0软件进行描述性分析。结果人间监测:在流行病学调查的基础上,固定监测点若尔盖县血清监测2 247份,发现阳性血清17份,阳性率为0.76%(17/2 247),患者年龄集中在20~70岁之间,男女之间没有显著差别,牧民、肉加工等职业为高危职业,牧区、半牧区均有发病。流动监测点未检出阳性血清。动物间监测:13县羊布病血清阳性率为2.02%(259/12 851),牛布病血清阳性率为1.72%(1 804/105 176),羊检出率高于牛(χ^(2)=6.00,P<0.05)。结论阿坝州人间布病呈散发,人间、动物间布病疫情形势严峻,今后应继续加强人间和动物间布病监测,加强重点人群健康教育,防止疫情暴发。

Objective To master the epidemic condition of brucellosis in ABa prefecture of Sichuan Province,and to offer science basis for prevention and control of brucellosis in pasturing area.Methods Fixed monitoring site of brucellosis was set in Ruoergai county from 2011 to 2019.Temporary monitoring site was set in Li county and Mao County.Animals’ monitoring sites were set in 7 counties which were Hongyuan,Aba,Xiangtang,Songpan,Maerkang,Ruoergai and Jinchuan counties from 2011 to 2016.Epidemiological survey and serological methods were used in the whole prefecture to test related animals and people who contacted with animals,red bengal plate test(PAT) was used for the preliminary screening,and tube agglutination test(SAT) was used to confirm the diagnosis.Positive was confirmed by SAT titer of 1:100 and above.The data was descriptively analyzed by using software SPSS 17.0.Results Monitoring on people:On the basis of epidemiological investigation,2 247 serum samples were collected from the fixed monitor site in Ruoergai county,17 of them were positive,the positive rate was 0.76%(17/2247).The patients were mostly 20 to 70 years old.There were no significant difference between male and female.Herdsman and occupations of meat processing and so on were high-risk occupation.The pasturing area and half pasturing area all had the disease.There were no positive serum sample were found in temporary monitoring site.Monitoring on animals:the disease on sheep,the positive rate was 2.02%(259/12 851).Positive serum rate of yak was 1.72%(1 804/105 176),the positive serum rate of sheep was higher than that of yak.Conclusion The brucellosis in people of Aba prefecture is sporadic,brucellosis situation among people and animals were serious.We should strengthen the brucellosis surveillance of human and animal and strengthen the health education of key people,so that to prevent the erupt of brucellosis.