2013-2019年大竹县艾滋病报告疫情特征分析

Epidemiological Characteristics of Reported AIDS Cases in Dazhu County From 2013 to 2019

目的了解2013-2019年大竹县新报告HIV/AIDS病例的疫情特征,估算2019年底艾滋病现存活人数,为制定科学有效的防治措施提供依据。方法从中国艾滋病防治信息系统中下载2013-2019年报告的现住址为大竹县的HIV/AIDS病例的历史卡片,采用描述性流行病学方法综合分析大竹县2013-2019年艾滋病疫情特征。采用SPSS 21.0软件进行卡方检验,应用工作簿方法(Workbook)对5类高危人群及其配偶和非商业性异性性伴现存活HIV/AIDS病例数进行估计。结果 2013-2019年大竹县累计报告HIV/AIDS病例2 015例,其中男性(71.71%),50岁及以上(70.77%),农民占70.92%,文化程度以小学及以下为主(60.65%),已婚有配偶(57.22%),传播途径以异性性接触传播为主(92.95%)。2019年底大竹县估计现存活HIV/AIDS病例3 361例,艾滋病发现率为55.79%。其中吸毒人群(28.47%),嫖客(13.24%),男男性行为者(4.43%),暗娼(1.07%)。结论大竹县艾滋病以性传播为主,疫情得到了一定的控制,但总体艾滋病发现率较低。提示应加强高危人群的行为干预及检测发现力度,阻断艾滋病二代传播。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in Dazhu County from 2013 to 2019,and estimate the number of people living with HIV/AIDS at the end of 2019 so as to provide a basis for formulating scientific and effective control measures.Methods Data about HIV/AIDS cases reported from 2013 to 2019 in Dazhu County were collected from the China Integrated Disease Prevention and Control Information System of AIDS.Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the characteristics of AIDS cases in Dazhu County from2013 to 2019.SPSS 21.0 software was used for chi-square tests.The workbook method was used to estimate the HIV infection rate of five high-risk populations and their spouses and their noncommercial heterosexual partners.Results A total of 2 015 cases of HIV/AIDS were reported in Dazhu County from 2013 to 2019,including71.71% of males,70.77% of people aged over50 years,and 70.92% of farmers.Most HIV/AIDS cases(60.65%) had an education level of elementary school and below.Married HIV/AIDS cases accounted for 57.22% of the total number of cases.Heterosexual contact is a main way of transmission,accounted for 92.95% of HIV/AIDS cases.The number of people living with HIV/AIDS in Dazhu County was estimated to be 3 361 at the end of 2019,with a detection rate of 55.79%.Among the people living with HIV/AIDS,28.47% were drug addicts,13.24% were whoremasters,4.43% were men who had sex with men,and 1.07% were female sex workers.Conclusion Sexual transmission has been a main route of HIV/AIDS infection.The AIDS epidemic in Dazhu County has been controlled to a certain extent.However,the overall detection rate of AIDS is low,which suggests that the behavior intervention and detection of AIDS among high-risk population should be strengthened to prevent HIV secondary transmission.