不同车门开闭状态下地铁车厢火灾特性研究

Fire characteristics of metro cabin under different doors opening and closing conditions

考虑地铁车窗受高温破碎的因素,利用FDS研究不同车门开闭状态下车厢火灾发展,对比热释放速率、温度、车窗破碎时间等。结果显示:车门开启数量对车厢火灾热释放速率的影响较大,最大热释放速率可达14.4 MW。在400℃和600℃的破碎温度下,当车门开启数量大于3扇和4扇时,车厢火灾最大热释放速率下降。火灾发展初期,车门开启数量对车厢内温度分布影响不大,全面发展阶段时,车门开启会造成温度跳跃式增长。对于车厢火灾,不同车门开启状态会影响车窗破碎的顺序、位置及时间。当1号车门开启时,400℃工况下,火源两侧窗户破碎时间相比600℃工况最多提前1 066 s。

Considering the factors that cause metro windows to be broken due to high temperature,using FDS software to study the development of metro cabin fires under different door opening and closing states,and analyzing the heat release rate(HRR),temperature distribution,window break time,etc.The results show that the number of door openings has a great influence on the heat release rate of the cabin fire,and the maximum heat release rate of the fire can reach 14.4 MW.At 400℃and 600℃crushing temperature,when the number of door openings is greater than 3 and 4,the maximum heat release rate of the compartment fire changes from increasing to decreasing.In the early stage of fire development,the number of door openings has little effect on the temperature distribution in the cabin.When the fire enters the full development stage,the opening of the door will cause a jump in temperature.For compartment fires,different door opening states will correspondingly affect the order,position and time of window breakage.When door 1 is opened,under 400℃working condition,the window breaking time on both sides of the fire source is at most 1066 s earlier than that under 600℃working condition.