新冠肺炎疫情期间某高校返校大学生睡眠质量及影响因素

Sleep quality and influencing factors of college students returning to school during COVID-19 epidemic

目的探讨新冠肺炎疫情期间某高校首批返校大学生的睡眠质量情况及影响因素,为采取相应措施提供科学依据。方法采用整群调查的方法对安徽中医药高等专科学校2 701名首批返校大学生进行问卷调查,调查内容包括一般人口学特征、特质应对方式问卷(Trait Coping Style Questionnaire, TCSQ)和匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, PSQI)。结果首批返校大学生睡眠障碍检出率为19.33%(522/2 701)。母亲文化程度为高中或中专及以下(OR=2.24,95%CI=1.47~3.41)、从来不吃早餐(OR=3.25,95%CI=1.86~5.68)、疫情期间家庭受损(OR=1.48,95%CI=1.17~1.87)以及消极应对(OR=1.15,95%CI=1.12~1.17)与睡眠障碍的发生呈正相关(P值均<0.05);与父母之间关系非常差相比,父母之间关系一般(OR=0.23,95%CI=0.06~0.89)、比较好(OR=0.23,95%CI=0.06~0.87)、非常好(OR=0.19,95%CI=0.05~0.74)均与睡眠障碍发生呈负相关(P值均<0.05);疫情期间每周锻炼1~2次(OR=0.76,95%CI=0.58~1.00)、积极应对(OR=0.93,95%CI=0.91~0.96)亦与睡眠障碍的发生呈负相关(P值均<0.05)。结论新冠肺炎疫情使返校大学生睡眠质量受到不同程度的影响,且父母之间的关系、体育运动、母亲文化程度、早餐习惯、疫情期间家庭受损是睡眠质量的影响因素。应对返校大学生给予早期的有针对性的心理干预措施。

Objective To investigate the sleep quality and influencing factors of the first batch of college students returning to school during COVID-19 epidemic, so as to provide scientific basis for taking corresponding measures. Methods An anonymous self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted among the first batch of college students returning from a certain university by cluster sampling, which included general demographic characteristics, Trait Coping Style Questionnaire(TCSQ) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI). Results The detection rate of sleep disorders was 19.33%(522/2 701). The mother’s education level was high school or technical secondary school or below(OR=2.24, 95%CI=1.47-3.41), never eat breakfast(OR=3.25, 95%CI=1.86-5.68), families were damaged during the outbreak(OR=1.48, 95%CI=1.17-1.87) and negative coping(OR=1.15, 95%CI=1.12-1.17) were risk factors for sleep disorders(P<0.05). Compared to having a very poor relationship with parents, the relationship between parents was average(OR=0.23, 95%CI=0.06-0.89), better(OR=0.23, 95%CI=0.06-0.87), very good(OR=0.19, 95%CI=0.05-0.74) were protective factors for sleep disorders(P<0.05). Exercise once or twice a week during the epidemic(OR=0.76, 95%CI=0.58-1.00), positive coping(OR=0.93, 95%CI=0.91-0.96) were protective factors for sleep disorders(P<0.05). Conclusion In this COVID-19 epidemic, the sleep quality of returning college students was affected to different extent, and the relationship between parents, sports, mother’s education, breakfast habits, and family damage during the COVID-19 were factors affecting their sleep quality. Targeted psychological intervention measures should be given to returning college students in the early stage.