应用环境DNA技术对邵伯湖浮游动物物种检测的初步研究

Preliminary study on detection of zooplankton species in Shaobo Lake by environmental DNA technology

为掌握邵伯湖浮游动物物种组成,利用环境DNA技术于2018年11月对其浮游动物群落进行了监测。在邵伯湖15个采样点同步进行了水样采集,抽滤后进行了DNA提取,利用线粒体DNA 12S r RNA引物进行PCR扩增,并进行了高通量测序。结果显示,从二代测序的1114482条DNA序列中,比对得到浮游动物OTUs数68个。利用宏条形码共检出浮游动物22种(隶属于14科18属),邵伯湖浮游动物功能群以轮虫滤食者RF为主,各样点浮游动物α和β多样性的各项指数较为均匀,表明邵伯湖各区域的浮游动物多样性水平较接近。环境DNA技术适用于浅水湖泊浮游动物群落监测,在现阶段的淡水浮游动物资源监测中,该技术宜与传统的监测方法结合使用。

In order to understand the species composition of zooplankton in Shaobo lake, the zooplankton community was monitored by environmental DNA technology in November 2018. Water samples were collected at15 sampling sites in Shaobo lake, and DNA was extracted after filtration. PCR amplification was performed using mitochondrial DNA 12 S rRNA primers, and high-throughput sequencing was performed. The results showed that68 OTUs were obtained from 1114482 DNA sequences. Twenty two species of zooplankton(22 species, 18 genera,14 families) were detected by metabarcoding. Rotifer filter feeders were the main functional groups of zooplankton in Shaobo lake. The α and β diversity indexes of zooplankton in different sites were relatively uniform, which indicated that the diversity level of zooplankton in each region of Shaobo Lake was close. Environmental DNA technology is suitable for the monitoring of zooplankton community in shallow lakes. In the current monitoring of freshwater zooplankton resources, this technology should be combined with traditional monitoring methods.