“弟兄祖先”神话与多民族共同体建构实践——中华民族共同体意识的生成路径

The Myth of “Brothers and Ancestors” and the Construction Practice of Multi-ethnic Community——The Formation Path of the Community Consciousness of Chinese Nation

"弟兄祖先"神话的文化记忆是族源性和祖源性的,基于不同时代多民族民众的生活需要得以传承。中国"弟兄祖先"神话在每个时代的诸多民族中被反复讲唱,映现了多民族民众的生活期望和思想意涵。"弟兄祖先"神话的传统取向表现为"与洪水关联的记忆""与资源匮乏、疾病、战争等其他灾难有关的记忆"等相关叙事,其中包含不同民族对于祖先迁徙生活的描述、想象和建构,凝结为多民族共有祖先的信仰、共有家园的建设。"弟兄祖先"神话的多层次性表现为由单一民族的生活上升到多民族的关系,成为多民族共同体建构的核心和国家共同体意识形成的基础。"弟兄祖先"神话讲述的多民族同根同源关系充分体现在多民族共同精神、共同信仰基础上的多元性、多样性。多样化的"弟兄祖先"神话及其文化记忆在历史生活中凝聚、升华,走向更为广阔的时空,推进了以"弟兄祖先"神话为文化记忆中心的口头传统培育多民族共同体形成发展的历史进程,并且不断强化多民族的国家认同。依托"多元一体"的历史生活格局,"弟兄祖先"神话传递了不同民族共同价值观念、共同心理构图的内在一致性,进而塑造了多民族文化传统的共生模式,深化了铸牢中华民族共同体意识的实践。

The cultural memory of the myth of "brothers and ancestors" is of ethnic origin and ancestral origin, and is also based on the living needs of the multi-ethnic people of different times. The myth of "brothers and ancestors" in China is repeated in many ethnic groups in different era, reflecting the life expectations and ideological implications of diversified ethnic people.The traditional orientation of the myth of "brothers and ancestors" is expressed as the related narration of "memory associated with flood" and "memory related to disasters such as lack of resources, disease, war and so on". It contains the description, imagination and construction of the migration life of the ancestors of different ethnic groups, which condenses into the belief of the common ancestors and the construction of the common homeland. The multi-level nature of the myth of "brothers and ancestors" is manifested in the rise of the life of a single ethnic group to the relationship of different ethnic groups, which becomes the core of the construction of multi-ethnic community and the foundation of the formation of national community consciousness. The common origin of various ethnic groups told by the "brothers and ancestors" myth fully reflect in the multi-ethnic common spirit, common belief based on pluralism and diversity. The diversified myth of "brothers and ancestors" and its cultural memory are condensed and sublimated in the historical life, moving towards a broader time and space, advancing the historical process of cultivating the formation and development of multi-ethnic community by the oral tradition centered on the myth and cultural memory of "brothers and ancestors ". Relying on the historical life pattern of "unity in diversity", the myth of " brothers and ancestors" conveys the internal consistency of common values and common psychological composition of different nationalities, and then shapes the symbiotic model of multi-ethnic cultural tradition, and deepens the practice of strengthening the sense of community of the Chinese nation.