韩国网络安全建设发展解析及启示

A Study of the Development of Network Security Construction in ROK and Their Implications

韩国是IT强国,但波及全社会的网络安全事件时有发生,面对日益严峻的网络安全威胁,韩国多方力量联手合作,采取了一系列措施并卓见成效。在战略制定方面,出台相关法律法规,从国家层面构建了思路清晰的发展战略;在体系建设上,实行官方、军队、民间“三位一体”的联合指挥体制,三方有机结合、协同作战;在攻防技术的研发上,大力开发各种网络防御产品,同时加快网络武器的研发速度;通过学校、机关、团体进行信息保护教育,培养各级各类网络安全人才;在国际网络安全合作中,采取同盟合作、双边合作、多边合作、地区合作和机构合作等形式。总体来说,韩国虽然拥有先进的信息与通信技术(ICT)基础设施,但面对网络攻击时仍表现得较为脆弱。究其原因,在于韩国网络战的战略以防御为主,在攻防上有明显的短板,没能形成足够强大的网络威慑力量,这也与其IT强国的形象极为不符。但是,韩国在多方联合应对体系、网络安全人才选拔任用等方面的举措仍值得我们借鉴。

ROK is an IT power,but network security incidents affecting the whole society happen from time to time.In the face of increasingly serious network threats,ROK has taken a series of measures in cooperation with various forces and achieved remarkable results.In terms of strategy formulation,relevant laws and regulations have been issued to construct a clear development strategy from the national level.In terms of system construction,the“trinity”joint command system of official,military and civilian is implemented,and the three parties organically combine and work together.In the research and development of offensive and defensive technology,all kinds of network defense products have been vigorously developed,and the research and development speed of network weapons has been accelerated.Education on information protection has been carried out through schools,institutions and organizations to train cyber security personnel at all levels and of all kinds.International cyber security cooperation has taken the form of alliance cooperation,bilateral cooperation,multilateral cooperation,regional cooperation and institutional cooperation.In general,although ROK has advanced ICT infrastructure,it is vulnerable to cyber attacks.The reason is that the strategy of ROK's cyber war is mainly based on defense,which has obvious shortcomings in attack and defense,and fails to form a strong enough network deterrent force,which is also very inconsistent with its image as an IT power.However,in addition,ROK's measures in multi-party joint response system,selection and appointment of cyber security talents are still worthy of our reference.