自由心证主义在韩国法中的继受与发展——以民事诉讼为中心

The Succession and Development of the Free Evaluation of Evidence Doctrine in Korean Law--Centered on Civil Litigation

在法制发展的历史中,法定证据主义曾经是法官认定事实的基本准则。然而,随着近现代社会生活的复杂化,法定证据主义的弊端日益凸显,现代各国纷纷改采自由心证主义。自由心证主义,是法官在认定事实时,以审理过程中呈现的所有资料为基础,以自由判断形成心证的一项审理原则。韩国继受了滥觞于欧洲大陆的自由心证主义,并在此基础上发展出适合自身的学说和判例体系,这对于中国建立现代自由心证体系具有相当的借鉴意义。

In the history of the development of legal system,the statutory evidenceism was the basic criterion for judges to identify the fact.However,with the increasing complexity of modern social life,drawbacks of the statutory evidenceism are increasingly prominent and modern countries have changed to employ the free evaluation of evidence doctrine.The free evaluation of evidence doctrine is a trial principle when the judge identifies the fact,based on all the information presented in trial process,forming a testimony by free judgment.ROK has inherited the free evaluation of evidence doctrine originated in Europe and developed a doctrine and case system that is appropriate for its conditions on this basis.The experience can be a good reference for China to establish the modern free evaluation of evidence doctrine.