春季和秋季4个种源青钱柳叶中总黄酮及粗多糖含量比较

Comparison on contents of total flavonoids and crude polysaccharides in leaf of Cyclocarya paliurus from four provenances in spring and autumn

青钱柳〔Cyclocarya paliurus(Batal.)Iljinsk〕隶属于胡桃科(Juglandaceae)青钱柳属(Cyclocarya Iljinsk),为高大落叶乔木。青钱柳为第四纪冰川孑遗树种,被称为“植物界的大熊猫”,是中国特有的单种属植物,也是国家重点保护野生植物[1]。青钱柳叶中含有丰富的黄酮类、多糖类和萜类等化学成分[2],具有抗癌、抗氧化、增强机体免疫力、降血糖、降血脂和保护肝脏等保健作用[3-9],已成为食品和药品工业研究的热点[10]。

The contents of total flavonoids and crude polysaccharides in leaf of Cyclocarya paliurus(Batal.)Iljinsk from four provenances in Zhangjiajie National Forest Park of Hunan Province,Tonggu County of Jiangxi Province,Xiushui County of Jiangxi Province,and Wuxishan Nature Reserve of Anhui Province in spring(May)and autumn(September)were compared.The results show that the content of total flavonoids in leaf of C.paliurus from each provenance in spring is significantly(P<0.05)lower than that in autumn,and the average content of total flavonoids in leaf in spring(20.50 mg·g-1)is significantly lower than that in autumn(22.38 mg·g-1);on the contrary,the content of crude polysaccharides in leaf of C.paliurus from each provenance in spring is higher than that in autumn,and the average content of crude polysaccharides in leaf in spring(30.84 mg·g-1)is significantly higher than that in autumn(23.74 mg·g-1).Among four test provenances,the contents of total flavonoids and crude polysaccharides in leaf of C.paliurus from the provenance in Zhangjiajie National Forest Park of Hunan Province are both the highest,followed by the provenance in Tonggu County of Jiangxi Province.Overall,it is recommended that if the total flavonoids is exploitation target,the leaf of C.paliurus should be collected in September;while if the crude polysaccharides is exploitation target,the leaf of C.paliurus should be collected in May.In addition,the differences in contents of total flavonoids and crude polysaccharides in leaf of C.paliurus from different provenances are relatively great,and the provenances in Zhangjiajie National Forest Park of Hunan Province and Tonggu County of Jiangxi Province can be used as key research objects.