自由的超越——由庄子到宾斯万格

Transcendence of Freedom——From Zhuangzi to Binswanger

庄子与宾斯万格通过对"道"与"存在"各自的理解,把握了自由的关键所在。庄子将不自由的困境概括为心为形役,并通过对道的追求,于虚静处体道,为通达自在逍遥的绝对自由状态而努力;宾斯万格则基于本真与非本真的存在样态,通过赋予存在者关爱,由此在的本真前提"在世之在"向本真生存的在世之转变。追求自由是庄子与宾斯万格共同的目标,这也为现代人超越现实困境,探索存在的意义,追求更好的人生提供了重要的理论依据。

Zhuangzi and Binswanger attain the key to freedom through their respective understanding of“Tao”and“being existant”.Zhuangzi narrows down the dilemma of non-freedom to mental servitude,and advocates the perceiving of Tao in emptiness and quietness through the pursuit of Tao,as well as the striving for the absolute freedom of being free and carefree.Binswanger,on the other hand,based on the existence of genuineness and non-genuineness,suggests the transformation from“being in the world”based on existence of genuineness into“being in the world”by survival of genuineness by endowing the existential with care.The pursuit of freedom is the common goal of Zhuangzi and Binswanger,which also provides an important theoretical basis for modern people to surmount the realistic predicament,explore the significance of existence and pursue a better life.