妈祖经书文本初探

A Probe into the Text of Mazu Scriptures

迄今为止所发现的妈祖经书最早是出現于明代,在明代版本的基础上,清代、民国又出现了诸多不同版本。本文通过对几个主要版本的妈祖经书做了文本分析和比较,得出如下结论:妈祖经书的创作流传体现了各阶层以文本形式建构完美的妈祖形象;妈祖经书的文本内容印证了妈祖信仰具有儒释道三教融合的包容性特点;妈祖經书的内容体现了民间信仰的“崇德”与“报功”的双翼结构;不同版本的妈祖经书的刊印流传体现了妈祖信仰传播过程的在地化特征。

The Mazu Scriptures first appeared in the Ming Dynasty.On the basis of the Ming Dynasty version,many different versions appeared in the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China.This article analyzes and compares several major versions of Mazu scriptures,and draws the following conclusions:the creation and spread of Mazu scriptures reflects the perfect image of Mazu constructed by various classes in the form of text;the textual content of the Mazu Scriptures confirms that Mazu belief has the inclusive characteristics of the integration of Confucianism,Buddhism and Taoism;the content of the Mazu scripture reflects the two-wing structure of folk beliefs of"respect for morality"and"repaying merit";the publication and circulation of different versions of Mazu scriptures reflects the local characteristics of the spreading process of Mazu belief.