创新视域下专利间接侵权规则的体系建构与内容优化

System Construction and Content Optimization of Indirect Patent Infringement Rules from the Perspective of Innovation

专利侵权的全面覆盖原则为行为人侵害专利权而不担责留下规制缺口,专利间接侵权责任规则有助于打破全面覆盖原则对行为人责任追究的困局。近年来,基于司法实践的迫切需要,我国在司法解释层面确认了专利间接侵权规则。本文围绕专利间接侵权规则在体系性和可操作性等方面的问题展开,认为亟须对其加以制度重构和规则优化:一方面专利间接侵权的架构背景应当脱离共同侵权理论框架,使专利间接侵权成为独立的侵权类型,既有归责体系的二元化制度设计路径对于全面规制间接侵权行为更为有利,应当坚持采用引诱-帮助侵权两分的模式;另一方面应当优化专利帮助侵权和教唆侵权的规则内容,形成完备的专利间接侵权规制体系,以达到专利间接侵权制度的法律和政策目标。

All elements rules of traditional patent infringement leaves a regulatory gap for the perpetrator to infringe patent rights without responsibility.The indirect patent infringement liability rule helps to break the dilemma of all elements rules of accountability.In recent years,based on the urgent needs of judicial practice,our country has confirmed the indirect patent infringement rules at the level of judicial interpretation.The existing indirect patent infringement rules have many problems in terms of system and operability,and it's urgent to restructure the system and optimize the rules.On the one hand,the structural background of indirect patent infringement should be separated from the theoretical framework of joint infringement,so that indirect patent infringement become an independent type of infringement.At the same time,the dual system design path of the existing imputation system is more conducive to the comprehensive regulation of indirect infringements,and it is necessary to adhere to the inducement-contributory infringement dichotomy model.On the other hand,it should optimize patents to contributory infringement and inducement infringement.The content of the rules shall form a complete regulatory system for indirect patent infringement to achieve the legal and policy goals of the indirect patent infringement system.