高性能聚偏氟乙烯基柔性压电材料的设计策略进展

Progress on the Design and Fabrication of High Performance Piezoelectric Flexible Materials Based on Polyvinylidene Fluoride

压电现象在新能源开发、传感、医药材料设计及可穿戴电子设备中具有广泛的潜在应用,并受到普遍重视.在压电材料中,聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)及其共聚物因具有良好的柔韧性、易加工性、稳定性和生物相容性等优点而备受关注.本文综合评述了近年来在制备工艺和材料复合两个维度提高PVDF基压电材料输出性能的研究进展.在研究PVDF压电性原理的基础上,阐释了流延法、静电纺丝法、拉丝法及纳米限域策略等工艺和添加小分子、高分子、石墨类粒子及无机纳米粒子等复合策略提升其压电性能的机理.这些制备工艺的提高和填料的掺杂有助于偶极子的排列和高β相的形成.最后,对目前存在的一些挑战进行了概述和讨论,并对PVDF基材料的发展前景提出展望.

Piezoelectricity presents important applications in the fields of energy conversion,sensor,medical materials,wearable electronics and so forth,and receives widespread scientific attentions.Among all types of piezoelectrical materials,poly(vinylidene fluoride)(PVDF)and its copolymers have the unique merits of being flexible,easily processable,stable,and biocompatible.Thus they have received a lot of research efforts.This article reviews the progresses on enhancing the piezoelectricity of PVDF from two dimensions which are the fabrication method and the compositing strategy.Based on the discussion of the piezoelectrical mechanism of PVDF,a series of strategies including casting,electrospinning,wire drawing,and nanocomfinement are introduced.In addition,piezoelectricity promoting strategies via compositing with fillers including small molecules,polymers,graphene-based particles,and inorganic nanoparticles are also reviewed.These strategies all benefit the formation of the piezoelectrically activeβphase in PVDF.Lastly,the article discusses the remaining challenges and prospects in the design and preparation of high-performance piezoelectric PVDFbased materials.We expect that the article benefits the development of PVDF-based piezoelectrical materials,and inspires the design of materials in the fields of energy,environments,medicine and healthcare.