基于能值理论的河南省农业生态系统评价

Evaluation of Agro-ecosystem in Henan Province Based on Emergy Theory

运用能值理论,评价河南省2005—2016年农业生态系统能值投入、产出和效率等。结果表明:(1)从能值投入来看,不可更新工业辅助能值(78.42%)>可更新有机能值(10.25%)>可更新环境资源能值(10.18%)>不可更新环境资源能值(1.14%),且内部结构存在差异和发展趋势不同。(2)从能值指标体系来看,能值购买率、能值收益率、环境负荷率等均呈波动增加趋势,农业过度依赖工业辅助能值投入,农业产出效益不断提高,但正在远离生态可持续发展。(3)养殖业、种植业在农业能值产出中多年平均占比分别为74.46%,25.54%,其中畜牧业(73.10%)>粮食作物(14.00%)>经济作物(11.54%)>渔业(1.36%),且产出能值(棉花除外)均呈现增加趋势。

By using of the emergy theory,the input,output and efficiency of emergy evaluation of agricultural ecosystem of Henan Province were evaluated.The results show that:(1)From the point of view of emergy input size,the non-renewable industrial auxiliary emergy evaluation(78.42%)>renewable organic emergy evaluation(10.25%)>renewable environmental resources emergy evaluation(10.18%)>non renewable environmental resources emergy evaluation(1.14%),but the internal structure of each index and development trend is different.(2)From the point of emergy index system,emergy purchase rate,emergy yield rate,environmental loading rate and so on all show the trend of increasing volatility,while the sustainable development index continues to decline,indicating that Henan agriculture overly relies on industrial auxiliary emergy input,agricultural output efficiency is increasing,but the agricultural ecosystem is far from sustainable development.(3)The average proportion of animal breeding and planting industry in the output of agricultural emergy is 74.46%and 25.54%respectively,among them animal husbandry(73.10%)>grain crops(14.00%)>cash crops(11.54%)>fishery(1.36%),and the total emergy(except cotton)show an increasing trend.