浅析《采艾编翼》中的食疗特点

Brief Analysis on the Characteristics of Diet Therapy of the Moxibustion Classic “Caiai Bianyi ”

[目的]研究《采艾编翼》一书的食疗特点。[方法]筛选出《采艾编翼》中内服食疗处方,将所纳入内服食疗处方中所含品种分为食物、药物及药食两用三类,并从性味、功效、归经、煎煮方法等方面对各类品种进行频次统计分析。[结果]《采艾编翼》一书中食疗处方共计95个,其中所有品种共计使用308次;性味上,食疗品种以甘味、平性为主,药物品种则偏性较重,以辛味、苦味为主;功效上,补益药及解表药使用最多,理气药、利水渗湿药其次;归经上,以归脾、胃、肺经最多;剂型方面,以汤、粥为主,多种剂型按需选用;药食相融,去性存用。[结论]《采艾编翼》系岭南地区针灸医学古籍,其所载内服药、食疗方等内容丰富,书中食疗处方将食物之甘平与药物之偏性相融合。该书源于岭南多湿多热的气候地理环境,立足于居民多虚多湿的体质,值得后世挖掘学习。

[Objective] To study the characteristics of diet therapy in "Caiai Bianyi". [Methods] Through selecting the diet therapy prescriptions for oral formulas in "Caiai Bianyi", and dividing all the varieties into three groups: Food, medicine and dual-use of medicine and food, the ingredients were analyzed from the aspects of nature, taste, efficacy, meridian tropism and decocting methods by using frequency statistics method. [Results] "Caiai Bianyi" recorded 95 prescriptions for diet therapy, all the ingredients were recorded for 308 times totally. The main nature and flavor of diet variety were sweet and plain, while drugs were mainly pungent and bitter. Exterior-releasing drugs, tonifying drugs, Qi-regulating drugs and damp-dispelling drugs played important roles in the book. Medicine tropism to the spleen meridian,stomach meridian and lung meridian was the most. Soup and porridge were commonly used in various dosage forms, various dosage forms should be selected according to the needs. The medicine and food should be integrated with eliminating differences in nature and retaining the same efficacy;and the combination of food and medicine had better function. [Conclusion] "Caiai Bianyi" was the ancient monograph on Chinese acupuncture which also documented plentiful materials of the combination of Chinese medicine and food,in which the dietotherapy prescription combined the sweet and plain of food with the bias of medicine. The humid and hot weather in Lingnan area and the constitution of local people contributed to the book which is still worthy of researching at the present time.