论现代政治增长及其对国家治理的影响

Modern Political Growth and Its Influence on State Governance

长期以来学界以及社会总是将“政治-市场-社会”相互关系置于相互竞争和挤压的语境,但从历时性的角度上看,政治、市场和社会在改革开放以来却在不同程度的同时增长。分析我国政治增长的历史基础,并从政府规模、组织结构、技术加持三个方面,阐述政治增长的事实和趋势,发现现代社会的流动性和复杂性奠定了现代政治增长的合理性基础,这种政治增长对于国家治理和国家能力建设具有重要的积极作用。但是需要关注的是,政治增长所带来的影响也不完全是积极的。政治增长挤压社会自主发展的空间、带来政治成本的大幅度提高、直接间接地影响到人民的应有权益,也是需要我们关注的现实问题。

For a long time, the researchers and the society have always placed the "politics-market-society" relationship in the context of mutual competition and repulsion, but in fact, politics, market and society grow simultaneously to different degrees since the start of the reform and open-up drive from the diachronic perspective. This paper analyzes the historical basis of China’s political growth, and expounds the facts and trends of political growth of three aspects including government size, organizational structure, and technical support. This paper argues that the mobility and complexity of modern society lays the foundation for the rationality of modern political growth. Political growth has an important positive effect on national governance and national capacity building. However, it is important to note that political growth may squeeze the space for social independent development, brings about a substantial increase in political costs, and directly and indirectly restricts the rights of individual citizens. It is also a realistic issue that demands our due attention.