基于单片机的直流电机闭环调速系统设计

Design of DC Motor Closed Loop Speed Regulation System Based on Single Chip Microcomputer

本设计采用脉宽调制(PWM)控制技术对直流电机进行调压调速控制。以单片机为系统控制的核心,采用LM298双H桥直流电机驱动模块,并用光电码盘检测并反馈电机的实际转速,组成了一个小型的直流电机闭环调速系统。为了实现电机调速的稳定性和快速性,文中应用了PID控制算法。实验结果表明运用PID控制算法,电机能够实现自动调速,系统的响应速度及抗干扰性能均大大提高。

This design adopts pulse width modulation(PWM)control technology to regulate voltage and speed of DC motor.The single chip microcomputer is used as the core of the system control,the LM298 double H bridge DC motor drive module is used,and the photoelectric encoder is used to detect and feedback the actual rotation speed of the motor to form a small DC motor closed-loop speed control system.In order to realize the stability and rapidity of motor speed regulation,PID control algorithm is applied in this paper.The experimental results show that using PID control algorithm,the motor can realize automatic speed regulation,and the response speed and antiinterference performance of the system are greatly improved.