近代保定城市商业变迁研究(1860—1928)

A Study on the Urban Commerce Transition of Baoding in Modern Times(1860-1928)

1860-1928年保定城市商业开始近代化转型:新式商业初步发展,新的经营方式和营销手段出现;城市商业空间结构有所扩展,传统商业空间进一步拓展的同时,新式商业空间出现并得到发展;城市商业组织出现新的发展态势;商业呈现出新特点。

In 1860-1928,the urban commerce of Baoding began a transition of modernization:New-style com⁃merce initially developed;new modes of business operation and marketing appeared;the urban commercial space structure expanded to some extent,and the new commercial space appeared and developed while the traditional commercial space further expanded;there appeared a new development trend in the urban commercial organiza⁃tions;the commerce presents new characteristics.