论恩格斯“历史合力论”和新时代治国理政

On Engels’Theory of Historical Resultant Force and the Governance of State Affairs in the New Era

“历史合力论”是恩格斯晚年,在与那个时代以德国古典哲学为代表的历史唯心主义理论的思想交锋中,在与对关注哲学理论的青年学者的理论引领中逐步深化与完善的,集中体现在他晚年与布洛赫等人的书信往来中。21世纪马克思主义,必须以系统整体观理解“历史合力论”、以“命运共同体”思想应对“人在历史中的作用”、以文化软实力的视域认识“上层建筑各因素”的反作用、以治理“风险社会”的自觉重视偶然性在社会发展中的作用,从上述四个方面来继承和发展恩格斯“历史合力论”。恩格斯的“历史合力论”给新时代的治国理政带来的启示是:必须坚持整体性思维,必须重视社会风险治理,必须加强社会主义精神文明建设,必须以“人民至上”为治理原则。

Engels’theory of historical resultant force,mainly reflected in his correspondence with Bloch in his later years,had gradually taken its shape in the ideological fighting with the historical idealism theory represented by German classical philosophy and guided young scholars who were keen on philosophical theory.In the 21st century,the following four aspects must be kept in mind to inherit and develop Engels’theory of historical resultant force:1,to understand this theory from the perspective of systematic holism;2,to deal with“the role of man in history”from the perspective of“community of destiny”;3,to understand the reaction of“various factors of superstructure”from the perspective of cultural soft power;and 4,to be aware of the role of contingency in social development with the consciousness of governing“risky society”.On the governance of the state affairs in the new era,Engels’theory of historical resultant force brings such inspiration:we must adhere to the holistic thinking,pay attention to the governance of social risks,strengthen the construction of socialist spiritual civilization,and take“people’s?supremacy”as the governance principle.