清末以来西南官话“着”的多功能表现及其演变分析

The Multi-functional Expression and Evolution of“Zhe(着)”in Southwest Mandarin since the End of Qing Dynasty

清末以来,西南官话“着”就已具有多个功能,各个功能之间存在着语义演变先后关系。最早的使触义动词“着”,后来朝着两个方向发展:一是“使触义动词→派遣义动词→祈愿义助词→先时义助词”;二是“使触义动词→附着义动词→遭受义动词→动标记”。西南官话中,“着”的这些功能至今仍在并行使用。

Since the end of Qing Dynasty,there have been many functions of“zhe(着)”in Southwest Mandarin,and there is a semantic evolution relationship among them.The earliest verb“着(著)”developed in two directions:one is“make touching verb→sending verb→praying auxiliary word→pre temporal auxiliary word”;the other is“making touching verb→attaching meaning verb→suffering meaning verb→assive mark”.These functions are still used in parallel in Southwest Mandarin.