学术创业如何影响学者科研产出——以“双一流”建设高校材料学科为例

How Does Academic Entrepreneurship Affect Academics’Research Output?Data from Material Faculties at“Double First-Class”Construction Universities

基于“双一流”建设高校材料学科981名教师样本,检验学术创业及学术衍生企业任职对高校教师科研产出的影响。结果显示,学术创业活动能够促进“双一流”建设高校教师科研产出数量的增长,有利于其实现“高产”,而对其“优产”的正向作用较为有限;学术创业活动也有利于促进教师与外校学术同行及企业界研究者开展学术合作。然而,担任学术衍生企业高级管理职务与创业教师科研“优产”和国际学术合作均呈现负相关。为保障学术创业与科学研究协同发展,建议完善教师在岗创业的配套政策,增强评聘考核体系的弹性,但同时应明确教师参与学术衍生企业管理的限度,避免其出现角色超载现象。

Based on a sample of 981 Material faculty members in the“Double First-Class”construction universities,this paper examines the impact of academic entrepreneurship and management positions on individuals’research performances.The results show that academic entrepreneurship activities can promote the quantity of faculty members’research output,which is conducive to their realization of“high productivity”,but its positive effect on“quality production”is marginal;besides,academic entrepreneurship activities are conducive to promote academic collaboration with researchers from other universities and that with industry researchers.However,holding senior management positions in academic spin-offs has a negative association with both“quality production”and international academic collaboration of entrepreneurial faculty members.To synergize the development of academic entrepreneurship with research productivity,it is suggested that the supporting policies for on-the-job entrepreneurship should be improved,and the flexibility of the appraisal system should be strengthened;meanwhile,the limits of faculty members’participation in the management of academic spin-offs should also be clarified to avoid their role overload.