血液系统恶性肿瘤患者化疗后骨髓抑制期应用无菌饮食预防肠道感染效应研究

Study on the Effect of Using Sterile Diet to Prevent Intestinal Infection in Patients with Hematological Malignancies during Myelosuppression Period after Chemotherapy

目的系统探究无菌饮食护理对于预防血液系统恶性肿瘤患者化疗后骨髓抑制期肠道感染的临床价值,以期为血液系统恶性肿瘤患者化疗后饮食护理提供理论指导。方法随机选取2018年1月-2019年12月收治于该院的血液系统恶性肿瘤化疗后骨髓抑制期患者100例,遵循随机原则分为对照组50例和治疗组50例。其中,对照组行常规饮食护理,治疗组行无菌饮食护理,通过比较两组间肠道感染的概率、感染持续时间、抗生素使用时间以及持续发热时间等指标的差异,以系统评估无菌饮食护理对于预防血液系统恶性肿瘤患者化疗后骨髓抑制期肠道感染的临床价值。结果治疗组患者肠道感染的概率、感染持续时间、抗生素使用时间以及持续发热时间分别为20%(10/50)、(5.2±1.5)d、(5.8±1.8)d、(3.3±0.8)d,对照组患者肠道感染的概率、发生时间、抗生素使用时间以及持续发热时间分别为54%(27/50)、(8.2±2.1)d、(9.8±2.8)d、(6.3±1.6)d,两组之间的差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=18.220,P=0.012;t=18.080,P=0.014;t=17.260,P=0.015;t=14.880,P=0.022)。结论对于血液系统恶性肿瘤化疗后骨髓抑制期患者而言,无菌饮食护理能显著降低肠道感染的发生概率、感染持续时间、抗生素使用时间以及持续发热时间,具有较大的临床应用价值。

Objective To systematically explore the clinical value of sterile diet care for preventing intestinal infection in patients with hematological malignancies during myelosuppression stage after chemotherapy, in order to provide theoretical guidance for diet care for patients with hematological malignancies after chemotherapy. Methods A total of 100 patients in the myelosuppression stage of hematological malignancies who were admitted to the hospital from January 2018 to December2019 after chemotherapy were randomly selected. Following the principle of randomization, they were divided into 50 cases in the control group and 50 cases in the treatment group. Among them, the control group received routine diet care, and the treatment group received sterile diet care. By comparing the probability of intestinal infection, the duration of infection, the duration of antibiotic use, and the duration of fever between the two groups, the sterile diet was systematically evaluated, as well as the clinical value of nursing care for the prevention of intestinal infection in patients with hematological malignant tumors during myelosuppression stage after chemotherapy. Results The probability of intestinal infection, duration of infection, antibiotic use time, and duration of fever in the treatment group were 20%(10/50),(5.2±1.5)d,(5.8±1.8)d, and(3.3±0.8)d, respectively. The control group patients of the probability of intestinal infection, time of occurrence, antibiotic use time, and duration of fever were 54%(27/50),(8.2±2.1)d,(9.8±2.8)d, and(6.3±1.6) d, respectively. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (χ^(2)=18.220,P =0.012;t =18.080,P =0.014;t =17.260,P =0.015;t =14.880,P =0.022).Conclusion For patients with bone marrow suppression after chemotherapy for hematological malignancies, sterile diet care can significantly reduce the incidence of intestinal infection, the duration of infection, the duration of antibiotic use, and the duration of fever, which has great clinical application value.