《聊斋志异·雹神》人物与本事考

Original Story and Figure Research on“Liaozhai Zhiyi·Bao Shen”

《聊斋志异》收录了同名异事的两篇《雹神》。《全校会注集评聊斋志异》卷一所收《雹神》,叙明代淄川人王孟震登江西龙虎山谒见张天师,亲见其侍者雹神李左车往山东章丘雨雹之事。本文所考者为《全校会注集评聊斋志异》卷八的《雹神》,叙唐梦赉与其弟唐梦师(字凉武)赴日照会葬安氏,道经雹神李左车祠所遇之事。袁世硕先生《蒲松龄事迹著述新考·蒲松龄与唐梦赉》云:“由《聊斋志异·雹神》篇,有理由作这样的推断:前此不久,唐梦赉曾向蒲松龄讲述了他出吊道经安丘时所遇的怪异事,并要蒲松龄记入其《聊斋志异》中。唐梦赉这时已达古稀之年,有此欲借蒲松龄志怪之笔显扬自己的念头,也不为怪。”本文考察唐梦赉与日照友人安焕的关系,并探讨唐梦赉赴日照出吊何人,遇雹神事在何年,雹神庙在何处所,以及唐梦赉请蒲松龄写《雹神》故事是否为显扬自己诸事。

Two pieces of"Bao Shen(Hail God)"stories were collected in the book of"Liaozhai Zhiyi"written by Mr. Pu Songling. These two pieces had the same name but described two different stories. One piece of "Bao Shen" was collected in Volume Ⅰ in the "Quanjiao Huizhu Jiping Liaozhai Zhiyi" which described the story happened in Ming Dynasty,a guy from Zichuan called visited Taoist Master Zhang in Longhu Mountain of Jiangxi Province. Wang witnessed the Hail God-Li Zuoche,server of Taoist Master Zhang,went to Zhangqiu,Shandong Province to rain and hail that area. This article is investigating on"Bao Shen"collected in Volume Ⅷ of the"Quanjiao Huizhu Jiping Liaozhai Zhiyi",this version of "Bao Shen" happened on Tang Menglai and his brother Tang Mengshi(style name:Liangwu)’s way to attend the funeral ceremony of Mr. An in Rizhao City. This story described what the Tang brothers had met when passing the Temple of the Hail God-Li Zuoche. Mr. Yuan Shishuo said in "The New Investigation on the Pu Songling’s Experiences and Masterpieces·Pu Songling &Tang Menglai" that based on the "Liaozhai Zhiyi·Bao Shen",it was reasonable to infer that not long ago,Tang Menglai had told Pu Songling about the strange stories he had met when passing Anqiu,on his way to the funeral ceremony. Tang had asked Pu to write into the"Liaozhai Zhiyi". At that time,Tang was more than 70 years old so it was not strange for him to show off himself through Pu Songling’s writing. This article is investigating on the relationship between Tang Menglai and Mr. Anhuan,Tang’s friend in Rizhao City. This article is also discussing whose funeral Tang Menglai was attending in Rizhao and which year he met the Hail God,where was the Temple of the Hail God and whether Tang wanted to show off or not when asking Pu Songling to write down the story of"Bao Shen".