海洋探测机器人蓄电池状态监测系统设计与研究

Design and analysis of a battery condition monitoring system for marine exploration robots

针对海洋探测机器人锂离子蓄电池的安全性和可控性较差等问题,提出一种基于STM32单片机控制的充放电状态监测系统。对蓄电池状态监测系统的主控模块、单电池电压监测模块和均衡模块的硬件及相关电路进行了设计。系统采用主从式拓扑结构,通过硬件调试和优化,有效地减小了电路板的占空面积,提升了系统的散热性能。测试结果表明,电压、电流和温度等数据显示正确,单电池电压的最大检测偏差为0.96%,最大单电池电压超出电池组平均电压6 mV,均衡效果良好。

Considering the poor safety and controllability of a lithium iron phosphate battery in marine exploration robots,a charge/discharge management system based on an STM32 single-chip microcomputer is proposed.The hardware and related circuits of the main control module,single-battery voltage monitoring module,and equalization module are designed.The control mode adopts a master-slave topology.Through hardware tuning and optimization,the work area of the circuit board is considerably reduced,and the cooling performance of the system is improved.Test results show that the voltage,current,and temperature data are correctly displayed;the maximum detection deviation of single-battery voltage is 0.96%;and the maximum single-battery voltage exceeds the average voltage of a battery pack by 6 mV.Thus,the balancing effect is good.