湖泊沉积物氮磷赋存转化研究进展

Research Progress on the Distribution and Transformation of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Lake Sediments

指出了湖泊沉积物氮磷赋存转化是水体富营养化的重要驱动因素,尤其在湖泊外源营养盐输入得到有效控制后,其内源过程将严重制约湖泊生态的修复。因此,沉积物氮磷营养盐的研究对深入了解湖泊营养盐循环及湖泊富营养化治理具有重要意义。对近30年(1991~2020)湖泊沉积物氮磷赋存转化相关研究的文献进行了归纳总结,结果表明:沉积物氮磷营养盐的研究主要集中在其赋存形态、含量及分布特征、界面的迁移转化及其影响因素、水质和生态效应等方面,提出了未来还需要拓展同位素示踪等研究方法,加强多要素协同下影响机制的研究。

The occurrence and transformation of nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)in sediments is an important factor driving lake eutrophication.Internal processes in sediments will constraint lake restoration especially when external nutrient inputs are effectively controlled.Therefore,study on N and P in sediments is important for understanding lake nutrient cycling and controlling lake eutrophication.By reviewing literatures published during the past 30 years(1991-2020),it is concluded that researches on this topic mainly focuses on:1)the form,concentration,and distribution of sediment N and P;2)the transportation and transformation of sediment N and P and their influencing factors;3)the influence of sediment N and P release on water quality.The application of emerging techniques and in situ methods were future trends to examine the fate of sediment N and P.In addition,the influence of multiple factors(e.g.climate change,hydrological variation and eutrophication)and their interactions on sediment N and P should be paid more attention.