凝视理论下《天黑前的夏天》中的女性主体性建构

Construction of Female Subjectivity in The Summer before the Dark from the Perspective of Gaze

英国当代作家多丽丝·莱辛的小说历来关注女性问题。她的中期代表作《天黑前的夏天》塑造了家庭主妇凯特在一个夏天里重新定义女性的家庭和社会传统角色的心路历程。从凝视相关理论入手,通过阐述凯特的女性主体困境以及各种凝视的权力机制,揭示男权传统对女性的物化和规训,同时分析女主人公如何通过反凝视策略来回应凝视,对抗、消解和颠覆凝视主体,建构起独立自由的女性主体地位。

British contemporary female writer Doris Lessing′s novels have always been concerned with women′s issues.The Summer before the Dark,her mid-career masterpiece,portrays the physical and psychological journey of Kate in summer days who redefines the traditional roles of women in the family and the society.Based on the theory of Gaze,through the elaboration of Kate′s dilemma of female subjectivity and a variety of power mechanism of gaze,the essay reveals the materialization and discipline of women imposed by the patriarchal tradition,analyses the heroine′s response to the gaze by applying the counter-gaze strategy to resist,counteract and subvert the subject of gazing,and constructs the female subjectivity status of independence and freedom.