镖师的“末路”与“歧途”——《断魂枪》与《白的笑》比较谈

“The End of the Road” and “the Wrong Path” Which the Market Escorts Covered:A Comparative Discussion about Duan Hun Qiang and Bai De Xiao

老舍的《断魂枪》与刘盛亚的《白的笑》具有内在的互文性关系,甚至可以说正是首先发表的《白的笑》对于老舍拟议中的小说创作的"干扰"在很大程度上促成了老舍《断魂枪》的诞生。同为市井镖师题材的小说,虽然后来的《断魂枪》在政治意识、文化意识和艺术经营上都与《白的笑》表现出不同的面貌,但是在这种不同中,刘盛亚的小说仍然隐隐影响着和启发着《断魂枪》的写作。由于两位作家不同的人生阅历和创作诉求,在具体内容上老舍的写作既有对于《白的笑》的规避和反拨,更有别辟蹊径的借鉴、发挥和超越。从而能够促使读者从不同的侧面加深对于作家进行创作的那个时代、对于在那个时代进行创作的作家的理解与认识。

There is an inner intertextuality between Duan Hun Qiang(The Deadly Spear) written by Lao She and Bai De Xiao(A White Smile) written by Liu Shengya, and it can even be said that the "disturbance" coming from the latter published earlier helped to bring about the former although the main plot of the former had been conceived by Lao She for a long time. As stories on the common subject about market escorts, though Duan Hun Qiang published later demonstrates different appearance in aspects such as political consciousness, cultural awareness and artistic craftsmanship, the influence and inspiration from Liu Shenya’s story are still implicitly hidden in it. Because of the different life experiences and writing appeals, Lao She in his story not only avoided and repelled some specific details which appeared in Bai De Xiao, but also learned from, given full play to and transcended Liu Shengya’s artistic expressions in a new way. All these aspects can help readers to acquire a deeper understanding of the era when they were pursuing literary works and the writers themselves at that time.