不同精粗比全混合日粮对育肥期藏羔羊屠宰性能和肉品质的影响

Effect of Different Ratio of Concentrate to Roughage on Slaughtering Performance and Meat Quality of Tibetan Sheep in Fattening Period

【目的】本试验旨在研究不同精粗比例全混合日粮对育肥期藏羊母羔屠宰性能和肉品质的影响。【方法】试验采用单因素随机设计,选用体况良好、体重相近(22.00±0.54)kg 3月龄藏母羊210只,随机分为7组,每组30只,分别饲喂精粗比为80∶20(试验Ⅰ组)、70∶30(试验Ⅱ组)、60∶40(试验Ⅲ组)、50∶50(试验Ⅳ组)、40∶60(试验Ⅴ组)、30∶70(试验Ⅵ组)和20∶80(试验Ⅶ组)的全混合日粮。试验期100 d,其中预试期10 d,正试期90 d。【结果】(1)Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组宰前活重、胴体重、屠宰率、眼肌面积均显著高于Ⅴ组、Ⅵ组、Ⅶ组(P<0.05),较Ⅳ组差异不显著(P<0.05)。(2)Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组蒸煮损失显著低于Ⅵ组和Ⅶ组(P<0.05),较其他3组差异不显著(P<0.05);Ⅳ组和Ⅴ组剪切力显著低于Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组和Ⅶ组(P<0.05),较Ⅵ组差异不显著(P>0.05);较其他各组,Ⅳ组亮度(L^(*))和黄度(b^(*))差异不显著(P>0.05),但Ⅳ组红度(a^(*))显著高于Ⅵ组和Ⅶ组(P<0.05)。(3)Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组粗脂肪显著高于Ⅴ组、Ⅵ组、Ⅶ组(P<0.05),较其他2组差异不显著(P>0.05);Ⅳ组粗灰分显著高于Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组、Ⅴ组、Ⅵ组和Ⅶ组(P<0.05),较Ⅲ组差异不显著(P>0.05)。【结论】采用精粗比为50∶50的日粮饲喂效果较佳,能明显提高藏羔羊屠宰性能,并有效改善其肉质性状。

【Objective】The present paper aimed to study the effects of total mixed ration with different concentrate and rough ratios on slaughter performance and meat quality of Tibetan sheep during fattening period.【Method】Two hundred and ten healthy Tibetan ewes with similar body weight(22.00±0.54)kg were randomly divided into 7 groups with 30 individuals per group.The groups of Tibetan sheep were then fed total mixed rations with 80∶20(test groupⅠ),70∶30(test groupⅡ)and 60∶40(test groupⅢ),50∶50(test groupⅣ).40∶60(test groupⅤ),30∶70(test groupⅥ)and 20∶80(test groupⅦ),respectively.The experimental period was 100 days,with a diet adaptation period of 10 days and a formal experiment period of 90 days.【Result】(i)The live weight,body weight,slaughter rate,eye muscle area inⅠ,ⅡandⅢgroups were significantly higher than that ofⅤ,ⅥandⅦgroups(P<0.05).(ii)Compared withⅥandⅦgroups,cooking loss ofⅢandⅣgroups were significantly decreased(P<0.05).The shear force ofⅣandⅤgroups were significantly lower than the other four groups(P<0.05).There were no significant differences between dietary groups in brightness(L^(*))and yellow(b^(*))(P>0.05).Additionally,red degree(a^(*))ofⅣgroups was significantly higher thanⅥandⅦgroups(P<0.05).(iii)The crude fat content ofⅠandⅡgroup were significantly higher than that ofⅤ,ⅥandⅦgroups(P<0.05),the crude ash content ofⅣwas significantly higher than that ofⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅴ,ⅥandⅦgroups(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in other nutrients(P>0.05).【Conclusion】In conclusion,slaughter performance and meat quality of Tibetan sheep during fattening period fed total mixed ration with concentrate to forage ratio of 50∶50 was optimum under this experiment condition.