发酵床饲养方式对猪情绪因子及抗抑郁因子P11基因mRNA表达的影响

Effects of Deep-litter House System on Emotional Related Factors and mRNA Expression of P11 Protein in Pigs

【目的】本文探讨了饲养模式对猪血清情绪相关物质(5-羟色胺5-HT、β-内啡肽β-EP、皮质酮Cortisol等)及抗抑郁因子P11基因mRNA表达的影响。【方法】试验选择60头体况良好、体重相近(28.4±0.30)kg 60日龄苏钟猪(阉割,公母各半)作为试验动物,随机分为2组:发酵床饲养组(垫料基质为菌糠)、水泥地面饲养组,每组3个重复,每个重复10头,试验期90 d(育肥前期、后期)。试验第45、90天采集血液测定血液情绪物质,90 d屠宰取下丘脑组织,用于p11蛋白RT-PCR检测。【结果】(1)唾液中,发酵床饲养组5-HT、Cortisol浓度显著高于水泥地面饲养组(P<0.05),β-EP、乙酰胆碱(Ach)浓度则无显著差异(P>0.05)。(2)血清指标方面,育肥前期(试验第45天)发酵床饲养组猪血清β-EP、Cortisol、锌(Zn)浓度显著高于水泥地面饲养组(P<0.05),5-HT、Ach浓度有提高的趋势(P=0.065,P=0.062),镁(Mg)浓度则无显著差异(P>0.05);育肥后期(试验第90天),发酵床饲养组猪血清β-EP、cortisol、5-HT浓度显著高于水泥地面饲养组(P<0.05),Ach浓度与前期结果相反,则显著低于水泥地面饲养组(P<0.05),Zn、Mg浓度则无显著差异(P>0.05)。(3)RT-PCR检测结果显示,发酵床饲养组下丘脑P11蛋白基因mRNA相对表达量高于水泥地面饲养组,且有提高趋势(P=0.062)。【结论】发酵床模式可以显著提高猪机体的情绪物质的分泌,促进脑分泌抗抑郁P11蛋白,减少生理应激,趋于愉悦状态,改善动物福利,促进健康。

【Objective】The present paper aimed to study the effects of different breeding systems on emotional factors(5-hydroxytryptamine 5-HT,beta-endorphinβ-EP,Cortisol,etc.)and the mRNA expression of antidepressant factor P11 gene.【Method】Total 6060-day-old Suzhong pigs(BW=28.4±0.30 kg)were randomly assigned to two treatments and raised in the concrete floor house(CFH)and deep-litter house(DLH)system.Each treatment had 3 replicates and each replicate for CFH and DLH had 10 pigs.The trial lasted 90 days(45 days,the early fatting stage;90 days,later fatting stage).On the 45 th and 90 th days,blood samples were collected for testing emotional indexes of pigs.On the 90 days,hypothalamus tissue was gained for testing the mRNA expression of p11 gene using RT-PCR.【Result】(i)In saliva,the concentrations of 5-HT and Cortisol in DLH group were significantly higher than that in CFH group(P<0.05),while there were no significant difference in the concentrations ofβ-EP and acetylcholine(Ach)(P>0.05).(ii)In early fatting stage on the 45 days,the concentration of serumβ-EP,Cortisol and zinc(Zn)in DLH group were significantly higher than that in CFH group(P<0.05).Serum 5-HT and Ach had a tendency to increase(P=0.065,P=0.062),while the concentration of magnesium(Mg)was not influenced(P>0.05).In the later stage of fattening(on the 90 day),the concentrations of serumβ-EP,cortisol and 5-HT in DLH group were significantly higher than that in CFH group(P<0.05),the concentration of serum ach was significantly lower in DLH group(P<0.05).The concentration of serum Zn and Mg was not significantly difference(P>0.05).(iii)RT-PCR results showed that the mRNA expression of P11 gene in the hypothalamusin of DLH group was increased with an increasing tendency(P=0.062).【Conclusion】The deep-litter house system can improve the secretion of emotional material and also promote the secretion of anti-depression P11 protein in pigs’brain,which may reduce pigs’physiological stress and improve the breeding welfare.The pigs are happy and healthy to grow in the deep-litter house system.