基于BCC与SBM模型的河南省医养结合养老机构技术效率评价及其影响因素

Technical Efficiency Evaluation and Influencing Factor Analysis of Elderly Care Institutions for Integration of Medical Treatment and Care in Henan Province Based on BCC and SBM Model

目的:对河南省医养结合养老机构的服务效率进行评价并探究其影响因素,为相关部门及机构提高社会化养老的服务效率提供数据支持。方法:于2019年6-9月对河南省143家医养结合试点机构进行问卷调查,通过文献法选择评价模型及指标,使用数据包络分析中(DEA)的BCC与SBM模型对养老机构的技术效率和规模效率进行比较,使用拟合Tobit模型分析其影响因素。结果:138份有效问卷中,公办机构59家,民营机构79家,总床位数33676张。其中技术有效30家,BCC模型测算的结果为,平均技术效率0.480,65家机构规模报酬呈递增状态,8家机构规模报酬呈递减状态,SBM模型测算的结果为,平均技术效率0.489,技术效率排名前10名中3家公办机构,后10名中4家公办机构。Tobit回归模型显示,公办机构、城市地区、医务人员数少、入住率高是医养结合机构效率较高的促进因素。结论:河南省医养结合机构的技术效率总体较低,机构的技术效率与运营模式、所在区域、医务人员数和入住率有关。

Objective:To evaluate the service efficiency of the elderly care institutions for integration of medical treatment and care in Henan province and explore its influencing factors,so as to provide data support for relevant departments and institutions to improve the service efficiency of socialized pension service.Methods:After a questionnaire survey of 143 pilot elderly care institutions for integration of medical treatment and care from Henan province from June to September in 2019,the literature method was used to select the evaluation model and index,BCC and SBM models in the Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA)were introduced to compare the technical efficiency and scale efficiency of endowment institutions,and the influencing factors were analyzed via a fitting Tobit model.Results:Among the 138 valid questionnaires,59 were public institutions and 79 were private institutions,with a total of 33,676 beds.There were 30 institutions surveyed with effective technology.The BCC model measured the results as followed:The average technical efficiency was 0.480,the scale return of 65 institutions was increasing,and the scale return of 8 institutions was decreasing.The results calculated by SBM model were as followed:average technical efficiency was 0.489,3 of the top 10 technical efficiency were public institutions,and 4 of the bottom 10 were public institutions.Moreover,Tobit regression model showed that public institutions,urban areas,low number of medical staff and high occupancy rate were the driving factors for the higher efficiency of elderly care institutions for integration of medical treatment and care.Conclusion:The technical efficiency of elderly care institutions for integration of medical treatment and care in Henan province is generally low,which is closely related to their technical efficiency,operation mode,location,number of medical staff and occupancy rate.