磷化工固体废弃物综合利用技术现状

Current situation of comprehensive utilization technology of solid waste of phosphorus chemical

中国磷化工产业规模庞大,是我国国民经济发展的支柱产业,但在磷化工生产过程中每年会产生数千万吨的磷尾矿、磷石膏、磷渣等工业固体废弃物。目前,这些固体废弃物的堆积和消纳已经严重制约了我国经济的可持续健康发展,如何处理和利用这部分资源,对于整个磷化工产业的发展具有重要的意义。为了进一步了解我国磷化工固体废弃物综合利用技术现状,本文详细介绍了磷化工固体废弃物的产出、理化性质、堆存危害、处理技术,阐述了磷尾矿、磷石膏、磷渣三种典型磷化工固体废弃物在工业、农业、水泥、建筑等各个方面的综合利用技术现状,总结了我国磷化工固体废弃物现有利用技术中存在的综合利用率不高、产品转化处于初级阶段、没有实现资源全部循环利用等问题,最后针对未来磷化工固体废弃物处理发展路线,从技术可行性方面提出了合理化的建议,以期我国磷化工固体废弃物大量堆积现状能够得到有效改善,综合利用技术有所突破。

China s phosphorus chemical industry is a pillar industry in the development of national economy,but in the process of phosphorous chemical industry,a large number of industrial solid wastes such as phosphorous tailings,phosphogypsum and phosphorous slag have been produced,and the accumulation and consumption of solid wastes have restricted the healthy development of China s economy.How to deal with and use this part of resources is of great significance to the sustainable and healthy development of the whole industry.In order to further understand the status of the comprehensive utilization technology of solid waste of phosphorus chemical industry in China,this paper introduces the output,physical and chemical properties,stockpiling hazards and treatment status of solid wastes in detail.The comprehensive utilization technology status of three typical solid wastes of phosphorous chemical industry,such as phosphorous tailings,phosphogypsum and phosphorous slag in industry,agriculture,cement,construction and other aspects is described.Then,the existing problems of solid waste in phosphorus chemical industry in China,such as low comprehensive utilization rate,product transformation in the primary stage,and not realizing full resource recycling are summarized.Finally,in view of the future development route of solid waste treatment,reasonable suggestions are put forward from the aspect of technical feasibility.It is expected that the status of large amount of solid waste accumulation in phosphorus chemical industry in China can be effectively improved and the comprehensive utilization technology can make breakthroughs.