安徽省女大学生乳房自检“知信行”现状及结构方程模型分析

Status and structural equation modeling analysis of"knowledge,attitude and practice"of breast self-examination among female college students in Anhui province

目的:了解安徽省女大学生乳房自检“知信行(KAP)”现状,并定量分析知识、态度和行为之间的相互作用机制,为高校科学开展乳房健康教育提供参考依据。方法:自行设计问卷。随机选取安徽省15所综合性大学的2400名女大学生进行问卷调查,使用SPSS 25.0对女大学生乳房自检KAP现状进行描述性分析,采用Amos 24.0对数据进行结构方程模型(SEM)分析和Bootstrap方法检验。结果:女大学生乳房自检的知识总知晓率为73.62%,态度总持有率为78.18%,行为总执行率为27.91%。SEM与数据的拟合程度良好。人口学特征对行为的影响最大(P<0.01)。乳房自检的知识、态度与行为3个变量呈两两正相关关系(P<0.01)。知识对态度的直接效应值为0.293(P<0.01);态度对行为的直接效应值为0.289(P<0.01);知识对行为的直接效应值为0.160(P<0.01),知识通过态度对行为产生的间接效应值为0.085(P<0.01),态度具有部分中介效应。结论:安徽省女大学生乳房自检KAP现状有待提高。在乳房自检的健康教育工作中,应注重“知、信、行”的同步发展。

Objective:To investigate the knowledge,attitude and practice(KAP)status of breast self-examination among female college students in Anhui province,and quantitatively analyze the interaction mechanism between them to provide a reference for scientific breast education in colleges and universities.Methods:Using self-designed questionnaires,2400 female college students from 15 colleges in Anhui province were randomly investigated.The KAP status of breast self-examination in female college students were descriptively analyzed suing SPSS 25.0,the structural equation modeling(SEM)of data were analyzed using Amos 24.0,and the data were tested using Bootstrap method.Results:On the female college students′breast self-examination,the total awareness rate of knowledge was 73.62%,the total holding rate of attitude was 78.18%,and the total implementation rate of behavior was 27.91%.The fitting degree of SEM and data was good.The effects of demographic characteristics on behavior was largest(P<0.01).The knowledge,attitude and practice of breast self-examination were positively correlated with each other(P<0.01).The direct effect of knowledge on attitude was 0.293(P<0.01).The direct effect value of attitude on behavior was 0.289(P<0.01);The direct effect value of knowledge on behavior was 0.160(P<0.01),and the indirect effect value of knowledge on behavior was 0.085(P<0.01).Attitude played partial mediating effect.Conclusions:The KAP status of the breast self-examination among female college students in Anhui province needs to be improved.In the health education of breast self-examination,the synchronous development of KAP should be paid attention to.