我国空调用制冷剂回收再生的机遇与挑战

Opportunities and Challenges of Recycling Refrigerant for Air Conditioning in China

中国是全世界最大的制冷设备与制冷剂生产国和消费国,全球制冷剂超过1/3的需求量来自中国。预计至2030年,我国制冷空调行业制冷剂消费总量将达15.4~17.8万吨。本文介绍了国内外制冷剂回收再生技术及设备现状;调研了国内外对于制冷剂回收、净化再利用的相关标准,以及制冷剂中不同污染物含量的检测方法;分析了常用的传统制冷剂碳排放评价指标及优缺点,探讨了一种适合制冷剂回收再生过程的制冷剂气候性能评估指标;提出制冷剂回收、净化再利用的机遇与挑战。

China is the world′s largest producer and consumer of refrigeration equipment and refrigerants.More than one-third of the global demand for refrigerants originates from China.It is estimated that,by 2030,the total refrigerant consumption in the refrigeration and air-conditioning industry will reach 154000 t to 178000 t in China.In this study,the current status of domestic and foreign refrigerant recovery and regeneration technologies and equipment has been presented.Moreover,the domestic and foreign standards for refrigerant recovery,purification,and reuse and detection methods of different contaminant contents in refrigerants were investigated and the carbon emission evaluation indicators and advantages and disadvantages of commonly used traditional refrigerants were analyzed.A type of refrigerant climate performance evaluation index suitable for the process of refrigerant recovery and regeneration has also been discussed.Finally,the opportunities and challenges of refrigerant recovery,purification,and reuse were discussed.