城市公共空间的健康途径:健康街道的内涵、要素与框架

Health Approach of Urban Public Space:Connotation,Elements and Framework of the Healthy Street

在城市生命安全的视野下,城市空间对健康的需求被再次深度思考。基于文献梳理,从健康服务功能的角度,总结国际经验及近10年国内外街道健康绩效实证结果,将健康内涵与街道要素叠加,提出将健康街道作为城市公共空间的发展策略。从生理健康、心理健康和社会适应三位一体的维度,提出了适合中国国情的健康街道概念和作用机制,明确了体力活动、环境舒适、街道安全和社会交往4个健康影响路径,构建了“内涵-路径-属性-指标”的健康街道量化评估过程,以及涵盖“空间要素、管理实施、街道设计、健康绩效”4项内容的设计实践模式,并进一步说明了量化测度、健康绩效和设计导控的内容。拓展了健康性在街道空间的实现途径,提出了健康理念下的街道发展新模式,为街道的理论认知、设计导控与评估管理提供理论支持。

People think deeply about the healthy urban space again from the perspective of urban life safety.Based on literature review,this article summarizes international experience and empirical results of domestic and international street health performance in the past decade from the perspective of health service functions,superimposes the connotation of health and street elements,and proposes that healthy street is the strategy of urban public space development.The article explains the healthy street concept and its mechanism,which are suitable for China's national conditions from the dimensions of physical,mental and social well-being.It clarifies the four health impact approaches which are the physical activity,environmental comfort,street safety and social interaction.At the same time,it constructs the healthy streets evaluation process of connotation-pathattribute-indicator and puts forward a design practice model covering the four items of spatial elements,management implementation,street design and health performance.The article further explains the contents of quantitative measurement,health performance and design guidance.The research expands the way to realize the health in the street space,and proposes a new model of street development under the concept of health,which provides theoretical support for the theoretical recognition,design guidance and evaluation management of streets.