城市湖泊湿地周边建成环境温湿效应的时空分布特征——以武汉16个湖泊湿地为例

Temporal and Spatial Characteristics of Cooling and Humidifying Effect of Urban Lake Wetlands on the Surroundings——A Case Study of 16 Urban Lake Wetlands in Wuhan

选取武汉市16个城市湖泊湿地为研究对象,基于土地利用回归模型分析了城市湖泊湿地对周边建成环境温湿效应时空分布的影响。测定时间为2016年1、4、7和10月,分别对16块湖泊湿地建成环境气温(T)和相对湿度(RH)进行同步测定。结果表明:1)城市湖泊湿地建成环境500m缓冲区范围对空气温湿度关键影响因子(测试点周边25~100m范围内交通道路长度、水体面积、非硬质下垫面面积和距城市中心距离、距湖泊湿地边界距离)构建的土地利用回归模型具有一定的可行性,调整后R~2值分别为0.116~0.954(RH)、0.160~0.957(T),经留一交叉验证调整后R~2分别为0.248~0.994(RH)、0.212~0.991(T)(P<0.05);2)随距湖泊湿地边界距离的增加,空气T呈上升趋势,RH呈下降趋势,空气T变化幅度最大值为4.2℃,RH为13.3%;3)温湿效应日变化表明空气T从8:00开始逐渐上升,春、夏、秋三季在14:00—16:00达到峰值,冬季在12:00—14:00达到峰值,随后逐渐降低;RH与T变化相反。合理规划城市湖泊湿地建成环境对整个湖泊湿地温湿改善效应具有显著意义。

To document the temporal and spatial characteristic of cooling and humidifying effect of urban lake wetlands on the surroundings based on land use regression model,16 urban lake wetlands in Wuhan were selected to investigate the air temperature(T)and relative humidity(RH)in January,April,July and October in 2016 respectively.The results showed that:1)The land use regression models for urban lake wetlands on air T and RH were successfully developed with an adjusted R2 of 0.116-0.954 for RH and 0.160-0.957 for T,and the leave-one-out crossvalidation R2 was 0.248-0.994 for RH and 0.212-0.991 for T(P<0.05),respectively;2)Air T showed an increasing trend as the distance from the lake wetlands increases,with the maximum of 4.2℃,but air RH showed a decreasing trend,with the maximum of 13.3%;3)Diurnal changes showed that the maximum of air T occurred at 14:00-16:00 in spring,summer and autumn and at 12:00-14:00 in winter,and an opposite changing was for air RH.Effective understanding these air T and RH effects can contribute to better planning for the surroundings around urban lake wetlands.