趋磁细菌运动特性的研究进展

Research Progress on the Movement Characteristics of Magnetotactic Bacteria

细菌的运动性是影响其生存及致病的一个关键条件,同时也为合成和开发仿生运动体、微型机器人等提供了有效的模型。趋磁细菌具有胞内磁小体从而能够感知磁场的变化,进而影响其运动行为。目前,这种外部磁场与生物体的远程响应模式已在环境、医疗、材料等领域有广泛应用。因此,聚焦于趋磁细菌的运动特性,综述了趋磁细菌运动行为的表征、运动机理以及应用等方面的最新研究进展,并对该领域的发展和面临的挑战进行了展望。

The motility of bacteria is a key factor that affects their survival and pathogenicity.It also provides an effective model for the synthesis and development of biomimic sports-bodies and micro-robots.Magnetotactic bacteria contain intracellular magnetosomes and are able to respond to an external magnetic field,which then alter their motility behavior under the magnetic field.Currently,this long-range response of living organisms to an external magnetic field has broad applications in the fields of environment,medical treatment,materials,etc.In this review,we focus on the motility of magnetotactic bacteria,and review the latest progress on the characterization and mechanisms of the motility of magnetotactic bacteria,as well as their associated applications.At the end,we address the future directions and challenges of this field.