德州驴不同部位肌肉组织的常规营养成分、氨基酸和矿物质元素含量的比较

Comparison of the contents of conventional nutrients,amino acids and minerals in the muscle tissues of different parts of Dezhou donkeys

试验研究德州驴不同部位肌肉组织中常规营养成分、氨基酸(AA)和矿物质元素含量的变化。选取年龄、体重相近的健康德州驴32头采用单因素完全随机试验设计。结果显示,粗蛋白的含量以臂三头肌最高,臀肌最低。粗脂肪含量呈相反变化规律,臀肌脂肪沉积较好,嫩度更佳。臂三头肌中的多数单一AA以及必需氨基酸(EAA)、非必需氨基酸(NEAA)、总氨基酸(TAA)、支链氨基酸和功能性氨基酸含量均较高,背最长肌次之,股二头肌较少。背最长肌与臀肌AA的平衡性AA较好,具有较高的EAA/NEAA、EAA/TAA,蛋白质营养价值较高。从鲜味方面来看,臂三头肌的甘氨酸(GLy)、精氨酸(Arg)、丙氨酸(Ala)、谷氨酸(Glu)及呈味氨基酸的含量最高、口感更好、鲜味更佳。矿物质含量测定中,不同部位肌肉中大多数矿物元素没有差异,Cu元素和Zn元素的含量由高到低依次为:臂三头肌>股二头肌>背最长肌和臀肌,且差异显著(P<0.05)。

The experiment studied the regular nutrient composition,amino acid(AA)and mineral element content changes in the muscle tissue of different parts of Texas donkey.Thirty-two healthy Texas donkeys of similar age and weight were designed with a single factor completely randomized trial.The results showed that the content of crude protein was the highest in the triceps brachii muscle and the lowest in the gluteal muscles.The crude fat content showed the opposite change pattern,the gluteal muscles had better fat deposition and better tenderness.Most of the single AA in the triceps brachii muscle,as well as the content of essential amino acids(EAA),non-essential amino acids(NEAA),total amino acids(TAA),branched chain amino acids and functional amino acids are all higher,the longissimus dorsi is second,the second thigh Fewer head muscles.The longissimus dorsi muscle and the gluteal muscle AA have a better balance of AA,with higher EAA/NEAA,EAA/TAA,and higher protein nutritional value.From the perspective of umami taste,the triceps brachii muscle has the highest content of glycine(GLy),arginine(Arg),alanine(Ala),glutamic acid(Glu)and flavored amino acids,with better taste and freshness.Taste better.In the determination of mineral content,there is no difference in most of the mineral elements in different parts of the muscles.In the determination of the content of Cu and Zn,the order from high to low is:triceps brachii>biceps femoris>longissimus dorsi and buttocks Muscle,the difference was significant(P<0.05).