2019年肉牛饲料与营养评价的国外研究进展

Research progress of foreign feed and its nutrition evaluation for beef cattle in 2019

文章旨在了解饲料与营养对肉牛生产性能、消化性能、瘤胃发酵以及甲烷(CH_(4))排放的影响。文章综述了2019年国外的相关文献报道,主要从精饲料、粗饲料及饲养营养综合评价3个方面进行综述。精饲料集中于各种蛋白质饲料和能量饲料的研究。粗饲料研究侧重于粗饲料品种和加工方式对不同生理阶段肉牛生产性能、消化性能和CH_(4)产生的影响。饲料营养综合评价主要侧重于犊牛期研究,并对育肥期和放牧期肉牛的饲料营养进行评价,以根据肉牛的生理阶段特点,选择适宜的饲料原料,并合理搭配和调制日粮以改善瘤胃菌群结构,充分提高养分利用率。

The article aims to understand the effects of feed and nutrition on beef cattle production performance,digestion performance,rumen fermentation and methane(CH_(4))emissions.This article reviews relevant foreign literature reports in 2019,mainly from three aspects of comprehensive evaluation of concentrated feed,roughage and feeding nutrition.Concentrated feed focuses on the research of various protein feeds and energy feeds;coarse feed research focuses on the effects of coarse feed varieties and processing methods on the production performance,digestion performance and CH_(4)production of beef cattle at different physiological stages.The comprehensive evaluation of feed nutrition mainly focuses on the study of the calf period,and evaluates the feed nutrition of beef cattle during the fattening period and the grazing period.According to the physiological stage characteristics of beef cattle,select suitable feed materials,and rationally match and modulate the diet to improve the structure of the rumen flora and fully increase the utilization of nutrients.