我国中老年人群慢性病患病现状及其影响因素——基于CHARLS数据库的实证分析

The Status Quo and Influencing Factors of Chronic Diseases in Middle-aged and Elderly People in China:An Empirical Analysis Based on the CHARLS Database

为了解我国45岁及以上居民慢性病患病现状,分析慢性病患病的影响因素,为慢性病的防控提供依据,采用2015年中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS)数据,以居民慢性病患病情况为因变量,进行Logistic回归分析。研究发现:年龄、文化程度、婚姻状态、孤独感、生活满意度、晚间睡眠时长、午睡时长、吸烟频率、每周进行锻炼情况、饮食是否规律,是影响慢性病患病的重要因素(P<0.05)。年龄较大、文化程度较低、婚姻状况为离异或丧偶、经常感觉孤独、对目前的生活不太满意、睡眠时间短、吸烟频率高、不经常锻炼、饮食不规律的居民更容易患慢性病。45岁以上人群罹患慢性病不仅受到个人基础特征影响,也会受到日常生活中的各种生活习惯、情感和心理感受等因素的影响。建议根据不同情况,有针对性地采取防控措施。

To understand the current situation of chronic diseases of residents aged 45 and over in China,analyze the influencing factors,and provide a basis for prevention and control of chronic diseases,we used data from the 2015 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS),and took prevalence of chronic diseases of residents as the dependent variable to do logistic regression analysis.It was found that age,education level,marital status,loneliness,degree of life satisfaction,nightly sleep duration,length of nap,frequency of smoking,weekly exercise and regular diet were all important factors of chronic diseases(P<0.05).Residents who are older,less educated,divorced or widowed,lonely,not satisfied with their current life,and who sleep short,smoke frequently,do not exercise regularly,and eat irregularly are more likely to develop chronic diseases.Chronic diseases are not only affected by basic characteristics of individuals,but also by various living habits,emotions and psychological feelings in daily life.It is suggested that targeted prevention and control measures should be taken according to specific situations.