新型多孔聚苯胺在超级电容器电极材料中的应用

Application of novel porous polyaniline in electrode material of supercapacitor

通过一个简便的方法,将苯胺单体在含氯化钾(KCl)的盐酸溶液中聚合制备出多孔聚苯胺(polyaniline,PANI).以KCl作为形成多孔聚苯胺的赝模板,既有效地避免了有机溶剂和硬/软模板的使用,又减轻了对环境的污染.由于具有独特的多孔结构和相互交错的纳米棒结构,多孔聚苯胺的比表面积较大,显示出良好的电化学性能.电化学测试结果表明:当KCl添加至饱和态时,所制备的多孔聚苯胺电极表现出800 F·g^(-1)的高比电容,是普通聚苯胺(不使用KCl作为赝模板)的6倍多,显示出多孔聚苯胺在超级电容器方面的应用潜力.

Porous polyaniline(PANI)is prepared through an efficient and cost-effective method by polymerisation of aniline in a HCl solution containing KCl.The KCl solution serves as a pseudo-template for the formation of porous PANI,thereby avoiding the use of organic solvents and hard/soft templates and thus protecting the environment.Because of its highly porous structure and intercrossed nanorods,PANI provides a large surface area,resulting in good electrochemical performance.The porous PANI electrodes show a high specific capacitance of 800 F·g^(-1)prepared with saturated KCl,which is more than six times than that of PANI prepared without KCl as the pseudo-template.Thus,synthesised PANI is an excellent electrode material for supercapacitors and is of great significance in their practical application.