前窑子水库浮游植物群落结构的初步研究

STUDY ON THE COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF PHYTOPLANKTON IN QIANYAOZI RESERVOIR

为了解呼和浩特市前窑子水库浮游植物群落结构特征,于2019年4月—11月分4次对水库浮游植物的种类组成、密度、生物量、优势种以及物种多样性进行了研究。结果表明,前窑子水库共检测出浮游植物6门39属,种类组成比例为绿藻门43.59%、硅藻门28.21%、蓝藻门17.95%和其它10.25%。浮游植物平均密度为8.82×10^(5)个/L,夏季最高,春季最低;平均生物量为1.04 mg/L,夏季最高,冬季最低。全年共检出浮游植物优势种类23属,以绿藻门、硅藻门和蓝藻门为主。Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H′)年均为4.15,Pielou均匀度指数(J)年均为0.90。综上,前窑子水库浮游植物类型以绿藻—硅藻为主,水体为贫中营养水平,生物多样性丰富,水质无污染。

To understand the structural characteristics of phytoplankton community in Qianyaozi Reservoir in Hohhot,the species composition,density,biomass,dominant species,and species diversity of the phytoplankton were studied from April to November in 2019.The results showed that 6 orders and 39 genera of the phytoplankton were detected.The proportion of the community composition was 43.59%of Chlorophyta,28.21%of Bacillariophyta,17.95%of Cyanophyta,and 10.25%of others.The average density of the phytoplankton was 8.82×10^(5) individuals per liter in the whole year.The highest value occurred in summer and the lowest in spring.The average biomass was 1.04 mg/L,the highest value occurred in summer and the lowest in winter.There were 23 dominant genera of the phytoplankton were detected in Qianyaozi Reservoir,and Chlorophyta,Bacillariophyta,and Cyanophyta were the dominant species.The annual averages of Shannon-Weaner(H′)and Pielou(J)were 4.15 and 0.90,respectively.It could be concluded that the community structure in Qianyaozi Reservoir was stable with the dominance of Chlorophyta and Bacillariophyta.The nutritional level was poor-medium.The water body was rich in biodiversity and pollution-free.