阿尔山兴安落叶松人工林空间格局及多样性研究

STUDY ON SPATIAL PATTERN AND DIVERSITY OF LARCH PLANTATION IN XINGAN,AERSHAN

人工林的结构对其经营有很大的影响,研究林分的结构可以对林分经营方式提供一定的理论指导。本文以阿尔山林业局兴安落叶松人工林为研究对象,选取3种不同郁闭度的兴安落叶松林,分析了林分树高、直径和空间结构,研究了不同郁闭度林下植被多样性。结果表明:林分的直径结构和树高结构均呈现近似正态分布,直径结构出现缺刻现象,树高在14高度级的株数为最多,占样地51%的比例,YES1、YES2、YES33个样地的角尺度均值分别为0.451、0.519和0.432,YES1、YES3样地是均匀分布的,YES2样地是聚集分布的。Margalef丰富度指数和Pielou均匀度指数在林分郁闭度为0.6时最大,而Simpson指数和Shannon-wiener指数在所研究的郁闭度梯度内,随着林分郁闭度的增加呈增加趋势。

The structure of plantation has a great influence on its management.The study of the stand structure can provide theoretical guidance for stand management.The spatial pattern of Arshan Xingan larch plantation was revealed.The larch plantation in Xingan of Aershan forestry bureau was taken as the research object,and three kinds of larch plantation with different canopy densities were selected.The stand height,diameter,and spatial structure were analyzed.The understory vegetation diversity with different canopy densities was studied.The results showed that the diameter of the stand structure and tree height structure showed an approximately normal distribution,and the diameter structure appeared lacking.The number of the trees with the tree height at 14 high grade was the largest,accounting for 51%of the sample area.The average values of the angle scale in YES1,YES2,and YES3 were 0.451,0.519,and 0.432,respectively.The YES1 and YES3 plots were uniformly distributed,the distribution of YES2 plot was gathered.The Margalef richness index and Pielou evenness index were the highest when the canopy density was 0.6,while the Simpson index and shannon-wiener index showed an increasing trend with the increase of canopy density.