综合医院门诊多躯体症状患者的躯体疾病和精神心理特点研究

Study on the Physical Diseases and Mental and Psychological Character istics of Patients with Multiple Physical Symptoms in General Hospital

目的分析综合医院门诊多躯体症状患者的躯体疾病和精神心理特点。方法选取2018年7月—2020年2月期间该院门诊收治的患者50例作研究对象,对所有门诊候诊患者实施躯体症状严重程度量表(PHQ-15)进行筛查,根据PHQ-15的分数将其分为两组,其中PHQ-15分数≥10分的患者为多躯体症状组,PHQ-15分数<10分的患者为对照组,对所有患者完成问卷调查。结果多躯体症状组患者的躯体疾病占比为88.00%,明显高于对照组患者的躯体疾病,组间差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=20.779,P=0.001);多躯体症状组患者的PHQ-9、GAD-7、SF-12(PCS维度)、SF-12(MCS维度)、WI-7、SOC-9等心理状态评分,与对照组患者对比,差异有统计学意义(t=31.079、35.171、4.568、8.838、22.993、3.954,P<0.001);多躯体症状组患者的抑郁发作率为32.00%、广泛性焦虑障碍率为20.00%、惊恐障碍率为16.00%,明显高于对照组,组间差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.500、4.153、3.947,P=0.034、0.042、0.047)。结论对于多躯体症状患者可以发现伴有更多的躯体疾病,患者的焦虑、抑郁等负面心理较为明显,其症状对生活和疾病治疗有较大影响。

Objective To analyze the physical disease and mental and psychological characteristics of patients with multiple physical symptoms in the general hospital outpatient department.Methods Fifty patients who were admitted to the outpatient clinic of the hospital from July 2018 to February 2020 were selected as the research objects.All outpatient waiting patients were screened by the Physical Symptom Severity Scale(PHQ-15)score,dividing them into two groups.Patients with a PHQ-15 score≥10 points were in the multiple physical symptom group,and patients with a PHQ-15 score less than 10 points were the control group.All patients completed a questionnaire survey.Results The proportion of patients in the multi-physical symptom group was 88.00%,which was significantly higher than that of the control group.The difference between the groups was statistically significant(χ^(2)=20.779,P=0.001);the PHQ-9 of patients in the multi-physical symptom group,GAD-7,SF-12(PCS dimension),SF-12(MCS dimension),WI-7,SOC-9 and other mental state scores,compared with the control group,the difference was statistically significant(t=31.079,35.171,4.568,8.838,22.993,3.954,P<0.001);the depressive episode rate of the patients in the multi-physical symptom group was 32.00%,the generalized anxiety disorder rate was 20.00%,and the panic disorder rate was 16.00%,which was significantly higher than the control group.The differences were statistically significant(χ^(2)=4.500,4.153,3.947,P=0.034,0.042,0.047).Conclusion For patients with multiple physical symptoms,more physical diseases can be found.The negative psychology of patients such as anxiety and depression are more obvious,and their symptoms have a greater impact on life and disease treatment.