黄淮麦区部分小麦品种粒重基因TaGS5-A1的等位变异分布及其效应分析

Distribution of Allelic Variations and Effect of TaGS5-A1 on Kernel Weight in Part Varieties from Huanghuai Wheat Area

为明确粒重基因TaGS5-A1的育种应用价值,利用竞争性等位基因特异性PCR(KASP)标记对119个不同遗传背景的黄淮麦区小麦品种进行TaGS5-A1基因等位变异检测,并结合3年2点6个环境的农艺性状表型数据,比较携带等位基因TaGS5-A1a和TaGS5-A1b的品种千粒重、粒长、粒宽、株高、穗长和穗下节长等性状。结果表明,检测品种中有91个含TaGS5-A1b等位基因,分布频率为76.5%,有28个含TaGS5-A1a等位基因,分布频率为23.5%;在6个环境下含TaGS5-A1b品种的千粒重(43.4 g)和粒宽(3.4 mm)均极显著高于含TaGS5-A1a等位基因的品种,增幅分别为6.6%和3.0%,而含TaGS5-A1b等位基因品种的株高显著低于含TaGS5-A1a等位基因的品种,降幅为6.6%,含不同等位基因品种的粒长、穗长、穗下节长均无显著差异;安徽、河南、山东、陕西和河北5省检测材料中TaGS5-A1b优异等位变异的分布频率分别为100%、88.1%、81.8%、66.7%和66.7%。本研究为黄淮麦区小麦粒重分子育种提供了材料和高通量的功能标记。

In order to illuminate the breeding application value of of TaGS5-A1,119 wheat varieties were genotyped using the Kompetitive allele specific PCR(KASP)assay of TaGS5-A1 to determine the allelic variations and gene effects.All wheat varieties were grown at two locations in three cropping seasons.The phenotypic traits of these varieties with TaGS5-A1a and TaGS5-A1b were evaluated in the six environments,including thousand kernel weight(TKW),kernel length(KL),kernel width(KW),plant height(PH),spike length(SL)and uppermost internode length(UIL).The results showed that frequencies of TaGS5-A1a and TaGS5-A1b in all tested varieties were 23.5%and 76.5%,respectively;Analysis of phenotypic traits showed that TKW and KW of TaGS5-A1b genotypes were significantly higher than those of TaGS5-A1a.PH of TaGS5-A1b was significantly lower than that of TaGS5-A1a.No difference was observed in KL,SL and UIL between TaGS5-A1b and TaGS5-A1a varieties.The frequencies of the favorable allele TaGS5-A1b were 100%,88.1%,81.8%,66.7%and 66.7%in Anhui,Henan,Shandong,Shaanxi and Hebei,respectively.In conclusion,this study provided useful materials and reliable high-throughput functional markers for marker-assisted selection of kernel weight in wheat breeding in Huanghuai wheat area.