孕产妇初乳及外周血矿物质含量及相关性分析

Analysis of mineral contents in the colostrum and peripheral blood and their correlation in pregnant women in Beijing

目的了解孕产妇初乳及外周血矿物质含量及其相关性。方法选取2019年5月在首都医科大学附属复兴医院生产的80名孕产妇为研究对象,收集其初乳及外周血。后采用微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱及原子荧光光谱测定其中9种矿物质含量,后利用SPSS 21.0探讨初乳中矿物质间及其与外周血之间的相关性。结果检测的9种矿物质中,初乳钠、钾、铁、镁、锌、铜、硒及锰含量低于外周血(P<0.05),而钙含量[(259.56±7.99)μg/mL]高于外周血[(32.76±3.31)μg/mL](P<0.05);钠、铁及硒与其在外周血含量呈显著正相关性(钠:r=0.272,P=0.019;铁:r=0.271,P=0.020;硒:r=0.341,P=0.003);同时初乳中一些矿物质之间亦存在显著相关性,如钾与锰(r=-0.236,P=0.043)、钾与镁(r=0.400,P<0.001)、钠与硒(r=0.509,P<0.001)、钙与铁(r=0.251,P=0.031)、镁与铜(r=0.395,P=0.001)及锌与硒(r=0.310,P=0.007)。结论研究结果提示某些矿物质元素可通过各种转运机制从血到母乳,实现积累效应;且该类元素间亦存在某些交互作用,可见维持母乳中各种矿物质元素间的动态平衡对于子代健康是非常重要的。

Objective To investigate the mineral contents of colostrum and peripheral blood and their correlation in pregnant women in Beijing.Methods A total of 80 pregnant women who gave birth in the Affiliated Fuxing Hospital of Beijing Capital Medical University in May 2019 were selected as research subjects,and their colostrum and peripheral blood samples were collected.The contents of 46 minerals in the colostrum and peripheral blood samples were determined by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry(ICP-MS)and Atomic fluorescence spectrum(AFS).The correlation between the contents of minerals in the colostrum and peripheral blood was analyzed by SPSS 21.0.Results Among the 46 minerals detected,the minerals with higher contents in the peripheral blood were sodium,potassium,iron,magnesium,calcium,zinc,rubidium,copper,aluminum and selenium.The minerals with higher colostrum contents included potassium,sodium,calcium,magnesium,zinc,iron,rubidium,copper,strontium and aluminum.The contents of calcium,strontium,cesium,molybdenum,cobalt,uranium and thorium in the colostrum were significantly higher than those in the peripheral blood(P<0.05).There were significant correlations in the contents of sodium,rubidium,selenium,strontium,cesium,arsenic,mercury and cadmium between the colostrum and peripheral blood(P<0.05).In addition,there were significant correlations between some minerals in the colostrum,for example potassium vs manganese(r=-0.236,P=0.043),rubidium(r=0.816,P<0.001)and magnesium(r=0.400,P<0.001);sodium vs selenium(r=0.509,P<0.001),cerium(r=0.353,P=0.002),praseodymium(r=0.337,P=0.003)and thulium(r=0.331,P=0.004);calcium vs iron(r=0.251,P=0.031)and strontium(r=0.365,P=0.001);magnesium vs cesium(r=0.314,P=0.006)and copper(r=0.395,P=0.001);zinc vs selenium(r=0.310,P=0.007),cerium(r=-0.229,P=0.050),gadolinium(r=-0.372,P=0.001)and yttrium(r=-0.380,P=0.001);rubidium vs titanium(r=-0.413,P<0.001);copper vs cesium(r=0.275,P=0.018);strontium vs uranium(r=0.439,P<0.001);cadmium vs molybdenum(r=0.379,P=0.001).Conclusion The correlations of the mineral contents between the colostrum and peripheral blood suggested that some mineral elements could be accumulated from blood to breast milk through various transport mechanisms.The correlations between the mineral elements in the colostrum showed that there were some interactions between these elements,indicating that maintaining the dynamic balance of mineral elements in human milk is very important for the health of their offspring.